Pakistan’s judiciary plays a critical role in upholding the rule of law and protecting citizens’ rights. This Judiciary and Judicial System MCQs set covers the structure, roles, and major cases in the judicial system. Explore the history and functions of Pakistan’s judicial system.
Which of the following is the highest court of appeal in the United States?
a) Supreme Court
b) Court of Appeals
c) District Court
d) Circuit Court
What is the main function of the judiciary in a democratic society?
a) Enforcing laws
b) Making laws
c) Implementing laws
d) Interpreting laws
Which branch of the government is responsible for interpreting the law and resolving disputes in many countries?
a) Legislative branch
b) Executive branch
c) Judicial branch
d) Administrative branch
Which term refers to a case that sets a precedent for how similar cases should be decided in the future?
a) Common case
b) Landmark case
c) Special case
d) Legal case
What is the process of resolving disputes between parties in court with the help of a neutral third party called?
a) Arbitration
b) Mediation
c) Negotiation
d) Litigation
Which principle implies that judges are bound to make decisions based on previous court rulings?
a) Judicial independence
b) Stare decisis
c) Judicial review
d) Judicial activism
Which term refers to the power of the courts to review and determine the constitutionality of laws or government actions?
a) Judicial review
b) Judicial activism
c) Judicial independence
d) Stare decisis
What is the primary responsibility of the judicial branch in many legal systems?
a) Enforcing laws
b) Making laws
c) Interpreting laws
d) Implementing laws
Which term refers to a court order demanding that a public official perform a certain act or fulfill a duty?
a) Writ of habeas corpus
b) Writ of certiorari
c) Writ of mandamus
d) Writ of injunction
What is the term for a decision made by a higher court that overrules a previous decision made by a lower court?
a) Overruling
b) Reversal
c) Precedence
d) Appellate decision
Which term refers to the authority of a court to hear and decide cases within a specific geographic area or over certain types of cases?
a) Jurisdiction
b) Venue
c) Subpoena
d) Summons
What is the term for a temporary order issued by a court to prevent a certain action from taking place until a full trial can be held?
a) Writ of certiorari
b) Writ of prohibition
c) Writ of mandamus
d) Writ of injunction
In a criminal case, what is the standard of proof required to find the defendant guilty?
a) Clear and convincing evidence
b) Preponderance of evidence
c) Reasonable doubt
d) Beyond a reasonable doubt
What is the term for a panel of jurors who are sworn to give a verdict in a legal case based on the evidence presented to them?
a) Judge
b) Advocate
c) Witness
d) Jury
Which term refers to a legal document issued by a court ordering a person to appear in court as a witness?
a) Summons
b) Subpoena
c) Warrant
d) Indictment
What is the term for the power of a court to hear and decide a case for the first time?
a) Appellate jurisdiction
b) Original jurisdiction
c) Concurrent jurisdiction
d) Exclusive jurisdiction
In the United States, how many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
a) Seven
b) Nine
c) Eleven
d) Thirteen
What is the term for the process of questioning potential jurors to determine their suitability for jury duty?
a) Jury selection
b) Jury duty
c) Jury deliberation
d) Jury nullification
What is the term for a document outlining the claims and defenses in a legal case that is filed by the plaintiff to initiate a lawsuit?
a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Subpoena
d) Warrant
Which term refers to the process of resolving a legal dispute outside of the court system with the help of a neutral third party?
a) Arbitration
b) Litigation
c) Mediation
d) Negotiation
What is the term for a legal process in which a case is reviewed by a higher court at the request of one of the parties?
a) Appeal
b) Hearing
c) Trial
d) Summons
In the United States, who has the authority to nominate federal judges, including Supreme Court justices?
a) President
b) Congress
c) Senate
d) House of Representatives
What is the term for a legal document issued by a grand jury charging someone with a crime?
a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Subpoena
d) Warrant
Which term refers to the legal principle that a person cannot be tried for the same crime twice?
a) Double jeopardy
b) Due process
c) Habeas corpus
d) Subpoena
What is the term for a written statement submitted by a third party in a legal case that provides information or evidence relevant to the case?
a) Testimony
b) Affidavit
c) Deposition
d) Brief
In the United States, what is the term for the legal document that initiates a case in a federal court?
a) Complaint
b) Petition
c) Indictment
d) Warrant
Which term refers to the legal process of questioning a witness or a party in a legal case under oath?
a) Deposition
b) Cross-examination
c) Direct examination
d) Indictment
What is the term for the legal principle that all parties in a legal case are entitled to a fair and impartial trial?
a) Due process
b) Judicial review
c) Judicial activism
d) Judicial independence
Which term refers to a court order demanding that a person be brought before a court to determine whether their detention is lawful?
a) Writ of habeas corpus
b) Writ of certiorari
c) Writ of mandamus
d) Writ of injunction
What is the term for a written statement submitted by a witness or a party in a legal case that provides their testimony under oath?
a) Testimony
b) Affidavit
c) Deposition
d) Brief
Which term refers to the legal principle that everyone is innocent until proven guilty in a court of law?
a) Presumption of innocence
b) Burden of proof
c) Due process
d) Reasonable doubt
What is the term for a court order demanding that a lower court send the records of a case to a higher court for review?
a) Writ of habeas corpus
b) Writ of certiorari
c) Writ of mandamus
d) Writ of injunction
In the United States, which term refers to the power of the president to forgive a person convicted of a crime or to reduce their sentence?
a) Pardon
b) Reprieve
c) Clemency
d) Amnesty
What is the term for the legal process of calling a witness to testify in a legal case?
a) Deposition
b) Cross-examination
c) Direct examination
d) Indictment
In the United States, what is the term for the formal accusation of a crime that is presented to a grand jury by a prosecutor?
a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Subpoena
d) Warrant
Which term refers to the legal principle that a government cannot deprive a person of life, liberty, or property without a fair legal process?
a) Due process
b) Judicial review
c) Judicial activism
d) Judicial independence
What is the term for a document issued by a court to authorize a law enforcement agency to arrest or search a person or property?
a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Subpoena
d) Warrant
In the United States, what is the term for the process of selecting a jury for a trial from a pool of potential jurors?
a) Jury duty
b) Jury selection
c) Jury nullification
d) Jury deliberation
Which term refers to the legal principle that a person is entitled to notice and a fair hearing before their rights or property are taken away?
a) Due process
b) Judicial review
c) Judicial activism
d) Judicial independence
What is the term for the legal process of questioning a witness or a party in a legal case after they have been questioned by the opposing party?
a) Deposition
b) Cross-examination
c) Direct examination
d) Indictment
In the United States, what is the term for the power of a president to delay the execution of a sentence for a federal crime?
a) Pardon
b) Reprieve
c) Clemency
d) Amnesty
Which term refers to the legal principle that a defendant is not required to prove their innocence, but the prosecution must prove their guilt?
a) Presumption of innocence
b) Burden of proof
c) Due process
d) Reasonable doubt
What is the term for a legal document issued by a court ordering a person to appear in court as a defendant in a lawsuit?
a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Subpoena
d) Warrant
In the United States, what is the term for the legal process of convicting a person of a crime without a trial by jury?
a) Plea bargain
b) Bench trial
c) Grand jury
d) Petit jury
Which term refers to a legal process in which a neutral third party facilitates the negotiation of a settlement between parties in a legal case?
a) Arbitration
b) Litigation
c) Mediation
d) Negotiation
What is the term for the legal process of questioning a witness or a party in a legal case by the party that called them to testify?
a) Deposition
b) Cross-examination
c) Direct examination
d) Indictment
In the United States, which term refers to the power of a jury to acquit a defendant even if the evidence proves their guilt?
a) Pardon
b) Reprieve
c) Clemency
d) Jury nullification
What is the term for a formal request submitted to a higher court asking for a review of a lower court’s decision?
a) Appeal
b) Hearing
c) Trial
d) Summons
Which term refers to the legal principle that all citizens are subject to the same laws and treated equally by the legal system?
a) Equal protection
b) Due process
c) Judicial review
d) Judicial independence
What is the term for the legal process of questioning a witness or a party in a legal case under oath outside of the courtroom?
a) Deposition
b) Cross-examination
c) Direct examination
d) Indictment
In the United States, what is the term for the power of a governor to forgive a person convicted of a state crime or to reduce their sentence?
a) Pardon
b) Reprieve
c) Clemency
d) Amnesty
Which term refers to a formal charge of a serious crime that is presented to a court in a preliminary hearing to determine if there is enough evidence for a trial?
a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Subpoena
d) Warrant
What is the term for a legal document issued by a court ordering a person to pay a specified amount of money to another person or entity?
a) Complaint
b) Indictment
c) Subpoena
d) Writ
In the United States, what is the term for the trial jury that decides the verdict in a legal case after hearing the evidence and arguments presented by both parties?
a) Grand jury
b) Petit jury
c) Special jury
d) Jury duty
Which term refers to a court order demanding that a public official produce a prisoner in court and justify their detention?
a) Writ of habeas corpus
b) Writ of certiorari
c) Writ of mandamus
d) Writ of injunction
Which of the following is not a branch of the government in most democratic countries?
a) Executive
b) Judiciary
c) Legislature
d) Bureaucracy
The judiciary is responsible for interpreting and upholding the constitution and laws in a country, ensuring they are not violated by which branch of the government?
a) Executive
b) Judiciary
c) Legislature
d) Bureaucracy
What is the highest court in the United States known as?
a) The Supreme Court
b) The Federal Court
c) The High Court
d) The Constitutional Court
Which principle refers to the authority of the courts to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches of government?
a) Judicial Review
b) Judicial Activism
c) Judicial Restraint
d) Judicial Precedent
Which term refers to a system of law where decisions are made by judges based on precedent, custom, and interpretation of statutes?
a) Common Law
b) Civil Law
c) Sharia Law
d) International Law
In which type of legal system do judges have the authority to interpret the law based on their understanding of its social context and public policy?
a) Civil Law
b) Common Law
c) Sharia Law
d) International Law
The process of resolving disputes between parties through the court system is known as:
a) Litigation
b) Legislation
c) Arbitration
d) Mediation
What term is used for a law that has been enacted by a legislative body and is enforceable through the court system?
a) Statute
b) Precedent
c) Regulation
d) Ordinance
Which term refers to the legal principle of fairness and impartiality in the judicial process?
a) Equity
b) Justice
c) Due process
d) Rule of law
What term is used for a decision made by a higher court that is binding on lower courts within the same jurisdiction?
a) Precedent
b) Verdict
c) Ruling
d) Order
The doctrine of stare decisis is closely related to which legal concept?
a) Judicial review
b) Precedent
c) Due process
d) Adjudication
Which term refers to a formal request to a higher court to review the decision of a lower court?
a) Appeal
b) Objection
c) Protest
d) Petition
A trial in which the judge decides the case without a jury is known as a:
a) Bench trial
b) Jury trial
c) Criminal trial
d) Civil trial
What term refers to a legal decision made by a court that gives guidance and direction for future cases?
a) Judicial activism
b) Judicial review
c) Judicial precedent
d) Judicial restraint
The authority of a court to hear and decide a case is known as:
a) Jurisdiction
b) Precedent
c) Litigation
d) Appeal
A legal dispute between individuals or organizations that does not involve criminal charges is known as a:
a) Civil case
b) Criminal case
c) Appellate case
d) Common case
What is the term used for the initial document filed by a plaintiff in a civil lawsuit that sets out the facts and legal claims against the defendant?
a) Verdict
b) Warrant
c) Complaint
d) Indictment
What term refers to a legal proceeding in which a person’s assets are measured and evaluated to satisfy a debt or liability?
a) Bankruptcy
b) Foreclosure
c) Lien
d) Garnishment
A legal document that compels a witness to appear in court to give testimony is known as a:
a) Summons
b) Subpoena
c) Warrant
d) Affidavit
What term refers to a court order that prevents a party from taking a specific action or requires them to perform a certain act?
a) Injunction
b) Writ
c) Decree
d) Mandate
Which term refers to a legal decision made by a court that is legally binding and enforceable?
a) Ruling
b) Verdict
c) Order
d) Judgment
The process of resolving a dispute outside of the court system with the help of a neutral third party is known as:
a) Arbitration
b) Litigation
c) Mediation
d) Adjudication
What term is used for a temporary suspension of legal proceedings or the execution of a judgment?
a) Stay
b) Pardon
c) Abeyance
d) Reprieve
Which term refers to a person appointed to settle disputes and administer justice in a court of law?
a) Judge
b) Attorney
c) Advocate
d) Solicitor
The right to remain silent and not incriminate oneself is protected by which constitutional amendment in the United States?
a) First Amendment
b) Fourth Amendment
c) Fifth Amendment
d) Eighth Amendment
