What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
A) 3 × 10^5 km/s
B) 2.5 × 10^8 m/s
C) 3 × 10^8 m/s
D) 4 × 10^8 m/s
Which phenomenon explains the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another?
A) Reflection
B) Diffraction
C) Refraction
D) Scattering
Which color of light has the shortest wavelength?
A) Red
B) Yellow
C) Blue
D) Violet
What is the primary cause of the blue color of the sky?
A) Rayleigh scattering
B) Reflection of oceans
C) Refraction of sunlight
D) Absorption by ozone
What type of lens is used to correct farsightedness?
A) Concave lens
B) Convex lens
C) Cylindrical lens
D) Bifocal lens
What phenomenon causes a straw to appear bent when placed in water?
A) Reflection
B) Diffraction
C) Dispersion
D) Refraction
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection in which phenomenon?
A) Refraction
B) Total internal reflection
C) Reflection
D) Diffraction
Which of the following is not an electromagnetic wave?
A) Gamma rays
B) Sound waves
C) X-rays
D) Microwaves
What is the unit of luminous intensity?
A) Candela
B) Lumen
C) Lux
D) Joule
Which type of mirror is used in car side mirrors to provide a wider view?
A) Convex mirror
B) Concave mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) Cylindrical mirror
Which law states that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection?
A) Snell’s law
B) Law of refraction
C) Law of conservation
D) Law of reflection
In which medium does light travel the fastest?
A) Water
B) Glass
C) Vacuum
D) Air
What type of lens converges light rays?
A) Concave lens
B) Convex lens
C) Cylindrical lens
D) Bifocal lens
Which device is used to split white light into its constituent colors?
A) Prism
B) Mirror
C) Lens
D) Diffraction grating
What phenomenon explains the formation of a rainbow?
A) Diffraction
B) Dispersion
C) Reflection
D) Polarization
The focal point of a concave mirror is located:
A) In front of the mirror
B) Behind the mirror
C) On the surface of the mirror
D) At infinity
Which type of lens is used to correct nearsightedness?
A) Convex lens
B) Concave lens
C) Bifocal lens
D) Cylindrical lens
Which of the following is true for total internal reflection?
A) The light must travel from a denser medium to a rarer medium
B) The light must travel from a rarer medium to a denser medium
C) The light must strike at any angle
D) It occurs in vacuum
Which phenomenon describes the spreading of light waves around obstacles?
A) Diffraction
B) Reflection
C) Refraction
D) Scattering
Which optical instrument uses lenses to magnify distant objects?
A) Microscope
B) Telescope
C) Camera
D) Spectrometer
What happens to light when it passes through a polarizing filter?
A) It reflects
B) It refracts
C) It becomes polarized
D) It scatters
Which of the following describes the relationship between the angle of incidence and the critical angle for total internal reflection?
A) Angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle
B) Angle of incidence must be less than the critical angle
C) They must be equal
D) They are unrelated
What is the nature of the image formed by a plane mirror?
A) Real and inverted
B) Virtual and upright
C) Real and upright
D) Virtual and inverted
Which part of the human eye acts as a lens?
A) Retina
B) Cornea
C) Iris
D) Optic nerve
Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?
A) Gamma rays
B) X-rays
C) Visible light
D) Radio waves
Which phenomenon is responsible for the twinkling of stars?
A) Diffraction
B) Refraction
C) Scattering
D) Reflection
Which of the following is the principle behind optical fibers?
A) Total internal reflection
B) Refraction
C) Polarization
D) Diffraction
What is the relationship between the frequency and wavelength of light?
A) Directly proportional
B) Inversely proportional
C) No relation
D) Constant
What is the unit of frequency of light waves?
A) Hertz (Hz)
B) Joule (J)
C) Newton (N)
D) Ampere (A)
Which of the following best describes coherent light?
A) Light with the same frequency and phase
B) Light with different frequencies
C) Light that has been scattered
D) Light that is refracted
Which device is used to measure the intensity of light?
A) Barometer
B) Lux meter
C) Thermometer
D) Oscilloscope
What causes the sparkling of diamonds?
A) Refraction
B) Dispersion
C) Total internal reflection
D) Diffraction
Which wave property is responsible for the formation of diffraction patterns?
A) Wavelength
B) Frequency
C) Amplitude
D) Speed
Which scientist is known for explaining the photoelectric effect?
A) Isaac Newton
B) Albert Einstein
C) Thomas Young
D) James Clerk Maxwell
What type of mirror is used in flashlights to focus light?
A) Convex mirror
B) Concave mirror
C) Plane mirror
D) Cylindrical mirror
What is the principle of a laser?
A) Stimulated emission of radiation
B) Refraction
C) Polarization
D) Diffraction
Which of the following light sources is monochromatic?
A) Incandescent bulb
B) Fluorescent lamp
C) LED
D) Laser
Which type of electromagnetic wave is used in night vision goggles?
A) Gamma rays
B) Infrared rays
C) X-rays
D) Ultraviolet rays
Which scientist is known for his work with the wave theory of light?
A) Isaac Newton
B) Christian Huygens
C) Albert Einstein
D) Galileo Galilei
