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The concept of inheritance of acquired characteristics was proposed by:
a) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
b) Charles Darwin
c) Gregor Mendel
d) Alfred Russel Wallace
Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics suggests that:
a) Traits acquired during an organism’s lifetime can be passed to offspring
b) Evolution occurs through natural selection
c) Genes are the units of inheritance
d) Organisms evolve by random mutations
According to Lamarck, the giraffe’s long neck evolved because:
a) Giraffes stretched their necks to reach higher branches
b) Giraffes with longer necks were favored by natural selection
c) Neck length was a result of genetic mutation
d) Environmental changes directly caused longer necks
Which of the following is NOT a principle of Lamarck’s theory?
a) Use and disuse
b) Inheritance of acquired traits
c) Natural selection
d) Adaptation to the environment
Lamarck believed that the traits acquired by an organism:
a) Are passed on to the next generation
b) Do not affect future generations
c) Are erased after the organism’s death
d) Are randomly inherited
The theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics was later:
a) Refuted by modern genetics
b) Supported by Darwin’s theory of natural selection
c) Confirmed by the discovery of DNA
d) Accepted as the main mechanism of evolution
Lamarck’s idea of “use and disuse” refers to:
a) The idea that body parts used more become stronger and those not used deteriorate
b) The selection of traits through environmental pressures
c) Random genetic mutations
d) The inheritance of traits without any environmental influence
In Lamarck’s theory, which of the following is NOT a mechanism of evolutionary change?
a) Use and disuse
b) Inheritance of acquired traits
c) Genetic drift
d) Environmental influence
According to Lamarck, if an organism’s environment changes, it will:
a) Develop new traits to adapt to the new environment
b) Become extinct if it cannot adapt
c) Pass on existing traits unchanged to its offspring
d) Not be affected by environmental changes
Lamarck’s theory was eventually challenged because:
a) It could not explain the role of genetics in inheritance
b) It was supported by fossil evidence
c) It was consistent with Darwin’s observations
d) It provided a mechanism for natural selection
Which of the following concepts is most aligned with Lamarck’s theory?
a) Traits acquired during an organism’s lifetime can be inherited
b) Evolution occurs solely through random genetic mutations
c) Natural selection is the primary driver of evolution
d) Evolution is guided by genetic drift
Lamarck proposed that the first giraffes had short necks and:
a) Their descendants developed longer necks due to stretching
b) They became extinct because of their short necks
c) Their necks did not change over generations
d) Evolution occurred through random mutations
Which of the following best describes the term “acquired characteristics”?
a) Traits that develop in response to environmental changes during an organism’s life
b) Traits inherited from parents through genetic transmission
c) Traits that are present at birth and remain unchanged
d) Traits that arise from genetic mutations only
Lamarck’s idea that traits acquired by use and disuse could be inherited was:
a) Disproven by genetic research
b) Supported by Darwin’s theory of evolution
c) Confirmed by the discovery of DNA
d) Widely accepted in modern evolutionary biology
Which statement reflects Lamarck’s view of evolutionary change?
a) Evolution is a result of the direct influence of the environment on organisms
b) Evolution occurs through natural selection acting on genetic variation
c) Evolution is driven by random genetic mutations
d) Evolution results from genetic drift and gene flow
Lamarck’s theory of evolution is considered:
a) An early but incorrect explanation for the mechanisms of evolution
b) A fully accurate description of how evolution occurs
c) A comprehensive theory that incorporates modern genetic understanding
d) An entirely new theory not related to modern evolutionary concepts
Lamarck’s theory was ultimately replaced by:
a) Darwin’s theory of natural selection
b) The theory of genetic drift
c) The theory of uniformitarianism
d) The concept of genetic engineering
According to Lamarck, the longer use of a body part will result in:
a) Strengthening that part and passing it on to offspring
b) Weakening that part and making it less functional
c) Random changes in the organism’s genetic material
d) No changes in the organism’s traits
In Lamarckian evolution, the primary factor influencing change is:
a) Environmental interaction with the organism
b) Genetic mutations and natural selection
c) Random genetic drift
d) Gene flow between populations
The theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics suggests that:
a) Organisms can pass on traits they develop during their lifetime
b) Traits are inherited solely through genetic information
c) Evolution is a process of random genetic changes
d) The environment does not affect genetic inheritance
Lamarck believed that the complexity of organisms increases due to:
a) The gradual accumulation of acquired traits
b) Random genetic mutations
c) Natural selection acting on genetic variations
d) Environmental changes creating new species
Which of the following is a key criticism of Lamarck’s theory?
a) It lacks empirical evidence and cannot be tested scientifically
b) It correctly predicts the role of natural selection
c) It accurately describes the role of genetic inheritance
d) It provides a comprehensive understanding of genetic mutations
The inheritance of acquired characteristics theory was challenged by which discovery?
a) The principles of Mendelian genetics
b) The discovery of natural selection
c) The theory of genetic drift
d) The concept of epigenetics
Lamarck’s theory does NOT include which of the following concepts?
a) The role of genetic mutations in evolution
b) The use and disuse of body parts
c) The inheritance of traits acquired during an organism’s lifetime
d) The gradual adaptation of organisms to their environment
According to Lamarck, changes in an organism’s traits are primarily due to:
a) Its interactions with the environment
b) Random genetic mutations
c) Natural selection processes
d) Changes in the genetic code
Lamarck’s idea of evolutionary change primarily focuses on:
a) The inheritance of traits acquired through use and disuse
b) The adaptation of species through natural selection
c) The random nature of genetic mutations
d) The role of genetic variation in evolution
Which of the following is an example of Lamarckian evolution?
a) A giraffe’s neck lengthening over generations
b) A bird’s beak shape changing due to natural selection
c) A population evolving due to genetic mutations
d) The extinction of a species due to environmental changes
Lamarck’s theory failed to account for:
a) The role of genetic inheritance in evolution
b) The effect of environmental changes on trait development
c) The process of natural selection
d) The influence of gene flow on populations
In Lamarckian theory, the development of complex traits in organisms is explained by:
a) The accumulation of acquired traits over generations
b) The role of random genetic variations
c) The influence of natural selection
d) The inheritance of traits without any environmental influence
Lamarck’s theory of evolution was eventually replaced by:
a) Modern evolutionary synthesis incorporating genetics
b) The theory of catastrophism
c) The concept of spontaneous generation
d) The idea of directed evolution
The principle of “inheritance of acquired characteristics” argues that:
a) Environmental changes result in new traits that can be inherited
b) Traits are inherited unchanged from parent to offspring
c) Evolution is driven by random genetic drift
d) Genetic mutations are the primary source of evolutionary change
Which of the following is NOT a feature of Lamarckian evolution?
a) Direct adaptation to the environment
b) Inheritance of traits acquired during an organism’s lifetime
c) Natural selection as a driving force of evolution
d) Use and disuse of body parts
Lamarck’s theory suggested that:
a) The use or disuse of a trait affects its inheritance
b) Traits are inherited without environmental influence
c) Evolution occurs through random mutations and selection
d) New species arise through genetic drift
Lamarck’s view on the role of the environment in evolution is best described as:
a) Direct and influential in shaping traits that are passed to offspring
b) Indirect and irrelevant to trait development
c) Limited to influencing genetic mutations only
d) Secondary to genetic inheritance in evolutionary change
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