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12th Class Chemistry Chapter 14 MCQs with Answers

12th Class Chemistry Chapter 14 MCQs

Learn about Macromolecules with 12th Class Chemistry Chapter 14 MCQs. Cover polymers, proteins, and carbohydrates with trending keywords like macromolecule quiz, polymer chemistry MCQs, and biochemistry tests to boost understanding.

12th Class Chemistry
Chapter 14
Which of the following is a macromolecule?
a) Glucose
b) Water
c) Oxygen
d) Carbon dioxide

Answer
a) Glucose

Macromolecules are large molecules that are composed of:
a) Single atoms
b) Two or more atoms
c) Repeating subunits
d) Non-repeating subunits

Answer
c) Repeating subunits

The repeating subunits in macromolecules are called:
a) Atoms
b) Molecules
c) Monomers
d) Polymers

Answer
c) Monomers

Which of the following macromolecules is composed of nucleotides?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Nucleic acids

Answer
d) Nucleic acids

Which of the following macromolecules is composed of amino acids?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Nucleic acids

Answer
a) Proteins

Which of the following macromolecules is composed of simple sugars?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Nucleic acids

Answer
b) Carbohydrates

Which of the following macromolecules is composed of fatty acids and glycerol?
1
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Nucleic acids

Answer
c) Lipids

Which of the following macromolecules is responsible for storing genetic information?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Nucleic acids

Answer
d) Nucleic acids

The process by which monomers are linked together to form macromolecules is called:
a) Hydrolysis
b) Dehydration synthesis
c) Denaturation
d) Diffusion

Answer
b) Dehydration synthesis

Which of the following reactions is involved in the formation of macromolecules from monomers?
a) Hydrolysis
b) Dehydration synthesis
c) Denaturation
d) Diffusion

Answer
b) Dehydration synthesis

The reverse process of dehydration synthesis, where macromolecules are broken down into monomers, is called:
a) Hydrolysis
b) Dehydration synthesis
c) Denaturation
d) Diffusion

Answer
a) Hydrolysis

Carbohydrates are classified into which of the following groups based on the number of sugar units?
a) Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
b) Proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
c) Monomers, polymers, and oligomers
d) Glucose, fructose, and sucrose

Answer
a) Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides

Which of the following is an example of a monosaccharide?
a) Glucose
b) Sucrose
c) Starch
d) Cellulose

Answer
a) Glucose

The monomer unit of carbohydrates is called a:
a) Nucleotide
b) Amino acid
c) Monosaccharide
d) Fatty acid

Answer
c) Monosaccharide

Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide?
a) Glucose
b) Sucrose
c) Starch
d) Cellulose

Answer
b) Sucrose

The disaccharide sucrose is composed of which two monosaccharides?
a) Glucose and fructose
b) Glucose and galactose
c) Glucose and maltose
d) Glucose and lactose

Answer
a) Glucose and fructose

Starch and glycogen are examples of:
a) Monosaccharides
b) Disaccharides
c) Polysaccharides
d) Oligosaccharides

Answer
c) Polysaccharides

Which of the following is the storage polysaccharide in plants?
a) Starch
b) Glycogen
c) Cellulose
d) Chitin

Answer
a) Starch

Which of the following is the storage polysaccharide in animals?
a) Starch
b) Glycogen
c) Cellulose
d) Chitin

Answer
b) Glycogen

Cellulose is an example of a:
a) Monosaccharide
b) Disaccharide
c) Polysaccharide
d) Oligosaccharide

Answer
c) Polysaccharide

Which of the following is the structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants?
a) Starch
b) Glycogen
c) Cellulose
d) Chitin

Answer
c) Cellulose

Chitin is an example of a:
a) Monosaccharide
b) Disaccharide
c) Polysaccharide
d) Oligosaccharide

Answer
c) Polysaccharide

Chitin is a structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeleton of which organisms?
a) Plants
b) Insects and crustaceans
c) Fish
d) Mammals

Answer
b) Insects and crustaceans

Proteins are composed of which of the following monomer units?
a) Nucleotides
b) Amino acids
c) Monosaccharides
d) Fatty acids

Answer
b) Amino acids

The monomer units of proteins are linked together by:
a) Hydrolysis
b) Dehydration synthesis
c) Denaturation
d) Diffusion

Answer
b) Dehydration synthesis

How many different amino acids are commonly found in proteins?
a) 5
b) 10
c) 20
d) 50

Answer
c) 20

The sequence of amino acids in a protein is called its:
a) Primary structure
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure

Answer
a) Primary structure

The folding or coiling of the polypeptide chain into an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet is
referred to as the protein’s:
a) Primary structure
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure

Answer
b) Secondary structure

The three-dimensional arrangement of the polypeptide chain, including interactions
between distant amino acid residues, is called the protein’s:
a) Primary structure
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure

Answer
c) Tertiary structure

Proteins can undergo denaturation, which is a process that involves:
a) Hydrolysis of peptide bonds
b) Breaking of hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridges
c) Formation of new peptide bonds
d) Formation of new hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridges

Answer
b) Breaking of hydrogen bonds and disulfide bridges

Denaturation of a protein leads to the loss of its:
a) Primary structure
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure

Answer
c) Tertiary structure

Lipids are composed of which of the following monomer units?
a) Nucleotides
b) Amino acids
c) Monosaccharides
d) Fatty acids

Answer
d) Fatty acids

Fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains with a group at one end.
a) Hydroxyl (OH)
b) Carboxyl (COOH)
c) Amino (NH2)
d) Phosphate (PO4)

Answer
b) Carboxyl (COOH)

Which of the following is a saturated fatty acid?
a) Oleic acid
b) Linoleic acid
c) Stearic acid
d) Arachidonic acid

Answer
c) Stearic acid

Which of the following is an unsaturated fatty acid?
a) Oleic acid
b) Palmitic acid
c) Stearic acid
d) Lauric acid

Answer
a) Oleic acid

The presence of double bonds in the carbon chain of a fatty acid causes it to be:
a) Saturated
b) Unsaturated
c) Branched
d) Cyclic

Answer
b) Unsaturated

Which of the following is a product of the reaction between glycerol and three fatty acids?
a) Triglyceride
b) Phospholipid
c) Steroid
d) Wax

Answer
a) Triglyceride

Triglycerides are also known as:
a) Fats
b) Oils
c) Waxes
d) Phospholipids

Answer
a) Fats

Which of the following is an example of a triglyceride?
a) Cholesterol
b) Phospholipid
c) Linoleic acid
d) Olive oil

Answer
d) Olive oil

Phospholipids are composed of which of the following components?
a) Nucleotides and glycerol
b) Amino acids and glycerol
c) Monosaccharides and fatty acids
d) Fatty acids, glycerol, and a phosphate group

Answer
d) Fatty acids, glycerol, and a phosphate group

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophilic (water-attracting)?
a) Fatty acid tails
b) Glycerol
c) Phosphate group
d) Both the glycerol and phosphate group

Answer
c) Phosphate group

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic (water-repelling)?
a) Fatty acid tails
b) Glycerol
c) Phosphate group
d) Both the glycerol and phosphate group

Answer
a) Fatty acid tails

Phospholipids are the main components of:
a) Cell membranes
b) DNA
c) Enzymes
d) Hormones

Answer
a) Cell membranes

Steroids are composed of which of the following structures?
a) Nucleotides
b) Amino acids
c) Monosaccharides
d) Four fused carbon rings

Answer
d) Four fused carbon rings

Which of the following is an example of a steroid?
a) Cholesterol
b) Phospholipid
c) Linoleic acid
d) Triglyceride

Answer
a) Cholesterol

Cholesterol is an important component of:
a) Cell membranes
b) DNA
c) Enzymes
d) Hormones

Answer
a) Cell membranes

Nucleic acids are composed of which of the following monomer units?
a) Nucleotides
b) Amino acids
c) Monosaccharides
d) Fatty acids

Answer
a) Nucleotides

Each nucleotide in DNA contains a sugar molecule called:
a) Glucose
b) Ribose
c) Deoxyribose
d) Fructose

Answer
c) Deoxyribose

Each nucleotide in RNA contains a sugar molecule called:
a) Glucose
b) Ribose
c) Deoxyribose
d) Fructose

Answer
b) Ribose

Which of the following bases is found in DNA but not in RNA?
a) Adenine
b) Cytosine
c) Guanine
d) Thymine

Answer
d) Thymine

Which of the following bases is found in RNA but not in DNA?
a) Adenine
b) Cytosine
c) Guanine
d) Uracil

Answer
d) Uracil

The two strands of DNA are held together by:
a) Hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases
b) Ionic bonds between phosphate groups
c) Covalent bonds between sugar molecules
d) Van der Waals forces between nucleotides

Answer
a) Hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for adenine in DNA?
a) Cytosine
b) Guanine
c) Thymine
d) Uracil

Answer
c) Thymine

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for cytosine in DNA?
a) Adenine
b) Guanine
c) Thymine
d) Uracil

Answer
b) Guanine

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for guanine in DNA?
a) Adenine
b) Cytosine
c) Thymine
d) Uracil

Answer
b) Cytosine

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for thymine in DNA?
a) Adenine
b) Cytosine
c) Guanine
d) Uracil

Answer
a) Adenine

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for adenine in RNA?
a) Cytosine
b) Guanine
c) Thymine
d) Uracil

Answer
d) Uracil

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for cytosine in RNA?
a) Adenine
b) Guanine
c) Thymine
d) Uracil

Answer
a) Adenine

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for guanine in RNA?
a) Adenine
b) Cytosine
c) Thymine
d) Uracil

Answer
b) Cytosine

Which of the following is the complementary base pair for uracil in RNA?
a) Adenine
b) Cytosine
c) Guanine
d) Thymine

Answer
c) Guanine

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