Aldehydes & Ketones Nomenclature MDCAT Quiz is one of the very important parts of Organic Chemistry for MDCAT students. The knowledge of how to name these compounds according to IUPAC rules is important in the identification and distinction of aldehydes and ketones in the exam. Both functional groups contain a carbonyl group (C=O), but their naming conventions differ based on their structure and position of the carbonyl group within the molecule.
Naming Aldehydes: Parent Chain: The parent chain is the longest chain that contains the carbonyl group. In aldehydes, numbering always starts from the carbonyl group itself; it gets assigned the number 1.
Suffix: The suffix –al is added to the root name of the parent chain. For example, ethanal (C₂H₅CHO) is the name for acetaldehyde. The simplest aldehyde, formaldehyde, is named as methanal (CH₂O).
Substituents: If there are substituents (e.g., methyl, hydroxyl, halogens), their positions are indicated by numbers, and they are listed in alphabetical order in the name. For example, 3-chlorobutanal refers to an aldehyde with a chlorine atom attached to the third carbon of the butane chain.
Naming Ketones: Parent Chain: The longest chain that contains the carbonyl group is the parent chain. Ketones are numbered to give the carbonyl group the lowest possible number.
Suffix: The suffix -one is added to the root name of the parent chain. Thus, propanone (CH₃COCH₃) is the name for acetone.
Substituents: Just like the aldehydes, ketones are named by numbering the chain so that the carbonyl group receives the lowest number. Substituents are numbered and named appropriately. For instance, 2-methyl-3-hexanone is a ketone where the methyl group is attached to the second carbon of the hexane chain.
Common Names: Many aldehydes and ketones have common names that are in general use and often used in place of IUPAC names. For example, acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO) and acetone (CH₃COCH₃) are common names for ethanal and propanone, respectively. It’s important to recognize both systematic and common names in the MDCAT exam.
Quiz: Test Your Knowledge of Aldehydes & Ketones Nomenclature
Our MDCAT Quiz on the nomenclature of aldehydes and ketones will allow you to practice the identification and naming of aldehydes and ketones according to IUPAC rules. It contains questions regarding parent chain selection, numbering, and naming of substituents to make you well prepared for the nomenclature questions in the MDCAT exam.
Get Your Username and Password for MDCAT Tests
Sign Up Now
Free Flashcard: Key Insights on Aldehydes & Ketones Nomenclature
Our Free Flashcard set on aldehydes and ketones nomenclature provides a concise summary of the IUPAC naming rules, including the correct suffixes and position of substituents. These flashcards are a great way to reinforce your understanding and ensure you’re prepared for the MDCAT exam.
What is the IUPAC name of formaldehyde?
Methanal
The common name of methanal is ________.
Formaldehyde
What is the IUPAC name of acetone?
Propanone
The carbonyl group in aldehydes is always located at the ________ of the carbon chain.
End
The IUPAC name of acetaldehyde is ________.
Ethanal
The common name of propanal is ________.
Propionaldehyde
What is the IUPAC name of butyraldehyde?
Butanal
The suffix used for naming aldehydes in IUPAC nomenclature is ________.
#NAME?
The suffix used for naming ketones in IUPAC nomenclature is ________.
#NAME?
What is the IUPAC name of CH3CH2COCH3?
Butanone
The common name of propanone is ________.
Acetone
The functional group of aldehydes is represented by ________.
#NAME?
The functional group of ketones is represented by ________.
#NAME?
The IUPAC name of benzaldehyde is ________.
Benzenecarbaldehyde
The common name of pentanal is ________.
Valeraldehyde
Which compound is commonly known as acetophenone?
Methyl Phenyl Ketone
What is the IUPAC name of C6H5COCH3?
Phenylethanone
The common name of 2-propanone is ________.
Acetone
The IUPAC name of CH3CH2CH2CHO is ________.
Butanal
The IUPAC name of CH3COCH2CH3 is ________.
Butan-2-one
The common name of CH3CH2CHO is ________.
Propionaldehyde
The compound with the formula CH3CH2COH is called ________.
Propanal
The IUPAC name of isobutyraldehyde is ________.
2-Methylpropanal
The common name of 2-butanone is ________.
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
The IUPAC name of CH3CH2CH2COCH3 is ________.
Pentan-2-one
The compound with the formula CHOCH3 is called ________.
Ethanal
The IUPAC name of cyclohexanone is ________.
Cyclohexanone
The common name of CH3CH2COCH2CH3 is ________.
Diethyl Ketone
The IUPAC name of the compound CH3CHO is ________.
Ethanal
The IUPAC name of acetaldehyde is ________.
Ethanal
Experience the real exam environment with our expertly designed collection of over 25,000 MCQs MDCAT Mock Tests.
