What is the concept of wave-particle duality?
a) Particles can only behave like waves
b) Waves and particles are completely separate entities
c) Both waves and particles can exhibit characteristics of the other
d) Only light behaves as both a wave and a particle
Which famous experiment demonstrated the wave-particle duality of light?
a) Rutherford’s gold foil experiment
b) Young’s double-slit experiment
c) Planck’s black body radiation experiment
d) Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle experiment
Who first proposed the idea of wave-particle duality?
a) Albert Einstein
b) Niels Bohr
c) Louis de Broglie
d) Werner Heisenberg
Which of the following demonstrates wave-particle duality for electrons?
a) The photoelectric effect
b) Electron diffraction
c) The photoelectric effect and electron diffraction
d) The Heisenberg uncertainty principle
What was the key insight of Louis de Broglie regarding particles?
a) Particles cannot behave as waves
b) Particles have an intrinsic wave-like nature
c) Only photons can behave as particles
d) Particles and waves are unrelated
Which of the following phenomena cannot be explained without wave-particle duality?
a) The motion of celestial bodies
b) The photoelectric effect
c) Planetary orbits
d) The behavior of gases
What type of waves did Louis de Broglie associate with particles?
a) Radio waves
b) Electromagnetic waves
c) Matter waves
d) Sound waves
In the double-slit experiment, when particles like electrons pass through two slits, they produce:
a) Two distinct patterns
b) A single line pattern
c) An interference pattern
d) No pattern at all
Which of the following explains why light sometimes behaves as a wave and sometimes as a particle?
a) The dual nature of light
b) The uncertainty principle
c) Light’s reflection and refraction properties
d) The principle of superposition
In the photoelectric effect, light behaves as:
a) A wave
b) A particle
c) A wave-particle hybrid
d) A form of energy with no particle characteristics
What is the name of the waves associated with moving particles according to de Broglie?
a) Light waves
b) Electromagnetic waves
c) Matter waves
d) Sound waves
What happens when electrons are fired at a crystal in the same way light is used in diffraction experiments?
a) They behave like particles and produce a pattern
b) They behave like waves and produce a diffraction pattern
c) They pass through without any change
d) They are absorbed by the crystal
What is the significance of de Broglie’s wavelength equation?
a) It describes the speed of light
b) It relates a particle’s momentum to its wavelength
c) It calculates the energy of a photon
d) It explains the behavior of light as a wave
The phenomenon where light bends around obstacles is called:
a) Refraction
b) Diffraction
c) Reflection
d) Absorption
Which property of light does the photoelectric effect primarily demonstrate?
a) Its ability to travel through a vacuum
b) Its wave-like nature
c) Its particle-like behavior
d) Its constant speed
What did Albert Einstein contribute to the understanding of wave-particle duality?
a) He developed the theory of general relativity
b) He explained the photoelectric effect using the concept of photons
c) He demonstrated the wave nature of electrons
d) He proved the uncertainty principle
What is a photon?
a) A wave of light
b) A particle of light
c) A wave associated with matter
d) A subatomic particle without mass
Which of the following best describes the interference pattern observed in the double-slit experiment with electrons?
a) A pattern of single lines
b) A random pattern with no organization
c) A series of alternating light and dark bands
d) A continuous band of light
What does wave-particle duality suggest about the nature of light?
a) Light is strictly a particle
b) Light is strictly a wave
c) Light can exhibit both wave and particle characteristics depending on the experiment
d) Light can only behave as a wave at high frequencies
Which scientist is known for discovering that light exhibits both wave-like and particle-like properties?
a) Niels Bohr
b) Albert Einstein
c) Louis de Broglie
d) Max Planck
What is the primary characteristic of the de Broglie wavelength?
a) It is inversely proportional to the particle’s mass
b) It is proportional to the particle’s energy
c) It is inversely proportional to the particle’s velocity
d) It is proportional to the particle’s momentum
Which experiment confirmed the wave-particle duality of electrons?
a) The Stern-Gerlach experiment
b) The double-slit experiment with light
c) The Davisson-Germer experiment
d) The Bohr atom model experiment
Which of the following phenomena supports the particle theory of light?
a) Diffraction
b) Interference
c) The photoelectric effect
d) Reflection
What does the concept of wave-particle duality imply for the behavior of electrons in an atom?
a) They behave purely as particles
b) They behave purely as waves
c) They exhibit characteristics of both waves and particles
d) They are not subject to the laws of quantum mechanics
How does wave-particle duality affect the behavior of light in quantum mechanics?
a) Light behaves only as a wave
b) Light behaves only as a particle
c) Light behaves as both a wave and a particle, depending on the experiment
d) Light does not obey the laws of quantum mechanics
Which of the following phenomena is best explained by light’s wave-particle duality?
a) The Doppler effect
b) The photoelectric effect
c) The behavior of objects in motion
d) The gravitational pull of the moon
What kind of pattern is produced in the double-slit experiment when electrons are observed individually?
a) A solid line
b) A diffraction pattern
c) A random distribution
d) An interference pattern
Which of the following is a property that light and matter both share, according to wave-particle duality?
a) Energy
b) Mass
c) Frequency
d) Both wave and particle properties
Which of the following experiments showed that particles like electrons also exhibit wave-like behavior?
a) The Stern-Gerlach experiment
b) The Compton scattering experiment
c) The Davisson-Germer experiment
d) The Rutherford scattering experiment
What conclusion can be drawn from the observation of wave-particle duality in particles like electrons?
a) Electrons behave purely as waves
b) Electrons behave purely as particles
c) Electrons can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties
d) Electrons do not exhibit any wave-like behavior
