Who is known as the “Father of Modern Medicine” in the Islamic Golden Age?
A) Al-Khwarizmi
B) Al-Razi
C) Ibn al-Haytham
D) Al-Farabi
Which Muslim scholar is credited with the invention of algebra?
A) Ibn Sina
B) Al-Khwarizmi
C) Al-Biruni
D) Omar Khayyam
The book Kitab al-Manazir (Book of Optics) was written by:
A) Ibn al-Haytham
B) Al-Razi
C) Al-Battani
D) Jabir ibn Hayyan
Who is considered the “Father of Chemistry” in Islamic science?
A) Jabir ibn Hayyan
B) Al-Kindi
C) Ibn Rushd
D) Al-Zahrawi
The astrolabe, an important astronomical instrument, was perfected by:
A) Al-Farabi
B) Al-Zarqali
C) Ibn Khaldun
D) Al-Tusi
Which Islamic scholar accurately measured the Earth’s circumference?
A) Al-Biruni
B) Ibn Sina
C) Al-Razi
D) Al-Tusi
Which Muslim physician wrote The Canon of Medicine, an encyclopedia used in Europe for centuries?
A) Al-Razi
B) Ibn Sina
C) Al-Zahrawi
D) Al-Khwarizmi
Who was a pioneer in surgery and wrote Al-Tasrif, a famous medical encyclopedia?
A) Al-Zahrawi
B) Al-Kindi
C) Ibn al-Haytham
D) Ibn Battuta
Which Muslim scholar developed an early theory of gravity?
A) Al-Farabi
B) Ibn al-Haytham
C) Al-Biruni
D) Al-Tusi
Who was the first to classify elements into metals and non-metals?
A) Jabir ibn Hayyan
B) Ibn Khaldun
C) Al-Razi
D) Al-Tusi
Which Islamic scientist created the first world map with latitude and longitude lines?
A) Ibn Sina
B) Al-Idrisi
C) Al-Zarqali
D) Ibn al-Haytham
Which Islamic scholar improved Ptolemy’s geocentric model of the universe?
A) Ibn Khaldun
B) Al-Tusi
C) Al-Khwarizmi
D) Al-Farabi
The first hospital in the Islamic world was established in which city?
A) Baghdad
B) Damascus
C) Cairo
D) Cordoba
Which scholar made major contributions to hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics?
A) Ibn al-Haytham
B) Al-Farabi
C) Al-Tusi
D) Ibn Khaldun
Which Muslim mathematician introduced the decimal point notation?
A) Al-Razi
B) Al-Biruni
C) Al-Khwarizmi
D) Al-Tusi
Which field was greatly influenced by Islamic scholars through translations of Greek and Indian works?
A) Astronomy
B) Physics
C) Medicine
D) All of the above
Who is credited with introducing the concept of refraction in optics?
A) Al-Farabi
B) Ibn al-Haytham
C) Al-Biruni
D) Ibn Khaldun
Which Islamic scientist contributed significantly to pharmacology and wrote Kitab al-Saydala?
A) Al-Zahrawi
B) Al-Biruni
C) Al-Khwarizmi
D) Ibn Sina
Who was one of the first Muslim scholars to propose that the Earth rotates on its axis?
A) Al-Razi
B) Al-Tusi
C) Ibn Sina
D) Al-Zahrawi
Which scholar is famous for his work in sociology and historiography?
A) Ibn Khaldun
B) Al-Razi
C) Al-Farabi
D) Ibn al-Haytham
Which Muslim scientist worked on the classification of minerals and gemstones?
A) Ibn Sina
B) Al-Tusi
C) Al-Biruni
D) Al-Khwarizmi
Who was the first Muslim scholar to propose that light travels in straight lines?
A) Al-Zahrawi
B) Al-Kindi
C) Ibn al-Haytham
D) Al-Biruni
Which Islamic scientist is known for his work in spherical trigonometry?
A) Al-Farabi
B) Al-Tusi
C) Ibn al-Haytham
D) Al-Razi
Who was the first to describe smallpox and measles accurately?
A) Ibn Sina
B) Al-Razi
C) Al-Tusi
D) Ibn al-Haytham
Which Islamic scientist developed a theory on the tides being influenced by the moon?
A) Al-Zarqali
B) Ibn al-Haytham
C) Al-Biruni
D) Al-Tusi
Which scholar is considered one of the first to discuss environmental science in Islamic civilization?
A) Al-Farabi
B) Ibn Khaldun
C) Al-Biruni
D) Al-Kindi
Who was a leading scholar in the field of music and acoustics?
A) Ibn Khaldun
B) Al-Farabi
C) Al-Khwarizmi
D) Ibn Sina
Which Islamic scientist improved the astrolabe for navigation?
A) Al-Zarqali
B) Ibn Sina
C) Ibn Khaldun
D) Al-Razi
Who wrote the Book of Animals, an early encyclopedia on zoology?
A) Al-Kindi
B) Ibn Khaldun
C) Al-Jahiz
D) Al-Farabi
