The concept of an Islamic state is primarily derived from which source?
A) Greek philosophy
B) The Quran and Sunnah
C) European political theory
D) Communist ideology
Which Islamic scholar is known for his work on political theory in Islam?
A) Ibn Sina
B) Al-Farabi
C) Ibn Khaldun
D) Al-Khwarizmi
What is the term for Islamic governance based on Sharia law?
A) Monarchy
B) Caliphate
C) Democracy
D) Oligarchy
Which 20th-century Islamic movement sought to establish Islamic governance in Egypt?
A) Ba’ath Party
B) Muslim Brotherhood
C) Hezbollah
D) Wahhabism
Who is considered the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood?
A) Sayyid Qutb
B) Hassan al-Banna
C) Abul A’la Maududi
D) Ruhollah Khomeini
Which country experienced an Islamic revolution in 1979?
A) Egypt
B) Saudi Arabia
C) Iran
D) Pakistan
Who was the leader of the Iranian Revolution in 1979?
A) Ali Khamenei
B) Sayyid Qutb
C) Ruhollah Khomeini
D) Zia-ul-Haq
Which Islamic political party was influential in Pakistan’s constitutional framework?
A) Jamaat-e-Islami
B) Al-Qaeda
C) Fatah
D) Hezbollah
Which Islamic concept emphasizes social justice and political responsibility?
A) Ijtihad
B) Ummah
C) Jihad
D) Zakat
Which Ottoman institution was responsible for legal and political affairs based on Islamic law?
A) Sultanate
B) Shura Council
C) Grand Vizierate
D) Shaykh al-Islam
What does the term “Shura” refer to in Islamic governance?
A) Taxation
B) Consultation
C) Punishment
D) Warfare
Which 20th-century Islamic thinker promoted the idea of an Islamic state in South Asia?
A) Ali Shariati
B) Abul A’la Maududi
C) Hasan al-Turabi
D) Mohammad Iqbal
Which country implemented Islamic law after a military coup in 1977?
A) Turkey
B) Egypt
C) Pakistan
D) Indonesia
Which Islamic empire was known for its administrative and political structure based on Islamic principles?
A) Mughal Empire
B) Ottoman Empire
C) Abbasid Caliphate
D) Fatimid Caliphate
What is the Islamic term for political leadership in a caliphate?
A) Emir
B) Khalifah
C) Sultan
D) Wazir
Which document is considered one of the earliest examples of an Islamic constitution?
A) The Magna Carta
B) The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah
C) The Medina Charter
D) The Cairo Declaration
Which Islamic thinker advocated for political reform through democracy?
A) Ibn Taymiyyah
B) Rashid Rida
C) Al-Ghazali
D) Ibn Rushd
Which modern Middle Eastern country was established as an Islamic republic?
A) Iraq
B) Saudi Arabia
C) Iran
D) Lebanon
What does the term “Islamic democracy” refer to?
A) A dictatorship led by religious figures
B) A system combining democratic principles with Islamic values
C) A monarchy under Islamic rule
D) A secular government without religious influence
Which Islamic movement focuses on the revival of Islamic governance?
A) Sufism
B) Salafism
C) Deobandism
D) Ahmadiyya
What is the role of the Ulama in Islamic political movements?
A) They act as military leaders
B) They provide religious guidance and legal rulings
C) They establish trade routes
D) They work only in education
Which event led to the collapse of the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) Arab Revolt
B) World War I
C) Suez Crisis
D) Gulf War
Which country’s political system is influenced by both Islam and secularism?
A) Saudi Arabia
B) Turkey
C) Afghanistan
D) Iran
What does the term “Wilayat al-Faqih” refer to?
A) Rule of scholars in Islamic governance
B) Economic system in Islam
C) Role of women in Islamic politics
D) Military leadership in Islam
Which modern country declared itself an Islamic state in its constitution?
A) Egypt
B) Indonesia
C) Pakistan
D) Syria
Which empire had an Islamic political and legal system but ruled over a diverse population?
A) Ottoman Empire
B) Byzantine Empire
C) Mongol Empire
D) Roman Empire
What is the role of “Fiqh” in Islamic political thought?
A) Interpretation and application of Islamic law
B) Military strategy
C) Trade and economic policies
D) Diplomatic relations
Which region saw the rise of Islamic movements advocating political change in the 21st century?
A) South America
B) Sub-Saharan Africa
C) Middle East and North Africa
D) Eastern Europe
Which principle in Islam promotes justice and good governance?
A) Muwalat
B) Ihsan
C) Adl
D) Fasad
