The Ottoman Caliphate was officially established in which year?
A) 1258
B) 1517
C) 1453
D) 1683
Which Ottoman Sultan first claimed the title of Caliph?
A) Mehmed II
B) Suleiman the Magnificent
C) Selim I
D) Abdul Hamid II
The Ottoman Caliphate was abolished in which year?
A) 1918
B) 1924
C) 1932
D) 1945
Who was the last Ottoman Caliph?
A) Abdul Hamid II
B) Mehmed VI
C) Abdulmecid II
D) Selim III
Which empire controlled the Islamic Caliphate before the Ottomans?
A) Abbasid
B) Umayyad
C) Fatimid
D) Mamluk
The conquest of which city in 1517 allowed the Ottomans to claim the Caliphate?
A) Constantinople
B) Cairo
C) Baghdad
D) Mecca
Which treaty marked the end of the Ottoman Empire?
A) Treaty of Lausanne
B) Treaty of Versailles
C) Treaty of Sevres
D) Treaty of Jeddah
Who was the founder of modern Turkey who abolished the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) Ismet Inönü
B) Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
C) Enver Pasha
D) Mehmed VI
Which political ideology played a major role in the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) Communism
B) Pan-Arabism
C) Secularism
D) Monarchism
Which movement aimed to restore the Caliphate after its abolition?
A) Arab Nationalism
B) Khilafat Movement
C) Young Turks Movement
D) Sufi Brotherhoods
The capital of the Ottoman Empire was moved from Bursa to which city?
A) Ankara
B) Constantinople
C) Damascus
D) Medina
Which battle in 1402 weakened the Ottoman bid for power in the Islamic world?
A) Battle of Chaldiran
B) Battle of Ankara
C) Battle of Lepanto
D) Battle of Vienna
Which event symbolized the Ottomans as the protectors of Islam?
A) Capture of Mecca and Medina
B) Siege of Vienna
C) Battle of Gallipoli
D) Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
What was the main reason for the decline of the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) Economic prosperity
B) Westernization and internal decay
C) Religious revival
D) Increased military strength
Which Sultan reintroduced the idea of Pan-Islamism in the late 19th century?
A) Mehmed II
B) Abdul Hamid II
C) Murad IV
D) Selim III
What was the purpose of the Khilafat Movement?
A) To support Turkish secularism
B) To restore the Ottoman Caliphate
C) To promote independence in Egypt
D) To establish a new caliph in India
Which empire threatened the Ottoman Caliphate in the 18th century?
A) Persian Empire
B) British Empire
C) Mongol Empire
D) Safavid Empire
Which Ottoman Sultan was known as “The Magnificent” and expanded the empire significantly?
A) Selim I
B) Murad IV
C) Suleiman I
D) Mahmud II
Which city was the intellectual and political center of the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) Medina
B) Cairo
C) Baghdad
D) Constantinople
Which global conflict weakened the Ottoman Empire before its fall?
A) Napoleonic Wars
B) Crimean War
C) World War I
D) Russo-Turkish War
What was the title given to the Ottoman ruler in their role as Caliph?
A) Emir
B) Sultan
C) Khalifah
D) Shah
Which country emerged as the strongest after the fall of the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) Turkey
B) Iran
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Egypt
What major reform did Mustafa Kemal Atatürk introduce after the abolition of the Caliphate?
A) Sharia-based law
B) Secularization of Turkey
C) Expansion of the Ottoman Empire
D) Restoration of the Caliphate
Which European power played a major role in dismantling the Ottoman Empire?
A) France
B) Britain
C) Germany
D) Russia
Which empire ruled over the Arabian Peninsula after the fall of the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) British Empire
B) Saudi Kingdom
C) French Empire
D) Persian Empire
Which reform movement in the early 20th century rejected the Ottoman Caliphate?
A) Arab Revolt
B) Muslim Brotherhood
C) Wahhabi Movement
D) Ottoman Restorationists
What happened to the last Ottoman Caliph after the abolition?
A) He was executed
B) He was exiled
C) He became President of Turkey
D) He became a British citizen
Which city is historically associated with the Caliphate before the Ottomans took over?
A) Baghdad
B) Damascus
C) Medina
D) Istanbul
Which movement in South Asia supported the Caliphate?
A) Indian National Congress
B) Khilafat Movement
C) Muslim League
D) Deobandi Movement
