Shariah is primarily derived from which sources?
a) Quran and Hadith
b) Modern legal systems
c) Political ideologies
d) Cultural traditions
Which Islamic legal school is the most widely followed worldwide?
a) Hanafi
b) Maliki
c) Shafi’i
d) Hanbali
In modern times, Shariah is implemented in which type of legal system?
a) Theocratic system
b) Secular system
c) Mixed legal system
d) Democratic system
Which of the following is a challenge in implementing Shariah in modern societies?
a) Cultural diversity
b) Lack of religious scholars
c) Absence of legal structures
d) Economic instability
Which country has a fully Shariah-based legal system?
a) United Kingdom
b) Saudi Arabia
c) Turkey
d) Indonesia
The application of Shariah in modern legal systems often requires:
a) Strict literal interpretation
b) Flexibility and adaptation
c) Ignoring traditional rulings
d) Replacing Hadith with new laws
Islamic finance is based on which principle?
a) Interest-based lending
b) Profit and loss sharing
c) Speculative trading
d) High-risk investments
Which of the following is prohibited in Shariah-compliant banking?
a) Business partnerships
b) Trading in goods
c) Riba (usury)
d) Profit-sharing investments
What is the role of Ijtihad in the modern application of Shariah?
a) Closing discussions on Islamic law
b) Allowing scholars to interpret laws based on new challenges
c) Eliminating traditional practices
d) Creating secular laws
Which aspect of Shariah law deals with criminal justice?
a) Fiqh al-Muamalat
b) Hudood laws
c) Islamic finance
d) Family law
In modern democracies, how is Shariah incorporated into the legal system?
a) Fully replacing all legal codes
b) Applied in specific areas like family law and finance
c) Completely ignored
d) Used only for criminal punishments
Which Islamic term refers to the consensus of scholars on legal issues?
a) Qiyas
b) Ijma
c) Ijtihad
d) Fiqh
Which of the following is a key principle of Islamic governance?
a) Absolute monarchy
b) Justice and consultation
c) Suppression of dissent
d) Military rule
Which modern financial practice is incompatible with Shariah?
a) Profit-sharing
b) Interest-based loans
c) Trade in halal products
d) Investment in ethical businesses
What is the primary objective of Shariah law?
a) Controlling the economy
b) Promoting justice and welfare
c) Expanding political power
d) Increasing government authority
Which of the following modern issues is addressed using Islamic ethical principles?
a) Artificial intelligence
b) Organ donation
c) Digital banking
d) All of the above
Which Muslim-majority country applies Shariah in personal and family law only?
a) Pakistan
b) Iran
c) Malaysia
d) Afghanistan
Shariah courts in modern legal systems primarily handle:
a) Criminal cases
b) Family and personal matters
c) Corporate law
d) Constitutional disputes
Which field of law in Shariah governs business transactions?
a) Hudood
b) Fiqh al-Muamalat
c) Fiqh al-Ibadat
d) Fiqh al-Jinayat
Which concept allows Islamic scholars to reinterpret Shariah based on new circumstances?
a) Hudood
b) Ijtihad
c) Riba
d) Qisas
Which of the following punishments is part of Hudood laws in Shariah?
a) Death penalty for blasphemy
b) Cutting of hands for theft
c) Lifetime imprisonment
d) Taxation on wealth
The principle of Maqasid al-Shariah aims to:
a) Abolish old Islamic laws
b) Establish strict punishments
c) Protect life, religion, intellect, property, and lineage
d) Replace Shariah with secular laws
Which financial instrument is considered Shariah-compliant?
a) Credit cards with interest
b) Sukuk (Islamic bonds)
c) Insurance with gambling elements
d) Speculative stock trading
Islamic inheritance law follows the principle of:
a) Equal distribution to all
b) Predefined shares for heirs
c) Government control over estates
d) Division based on personal choice
Which of the following is a modern debate in the implementation of Shariah?
a) Women’s rights in Islamic law
b) Digital currency in Islamic finance
c) Ethics of biotechnology
d) All of the above
Which country applies a dual legal system with Shariah courts and civil courts?
a) Saudi Arabia
b) Malaysia
c) France
d) China
Which of the following Islamic rulings is related to retributive justice?
a) Qisas
b) Hudood
c) Ijtihad
d) Fiqh
Modern Islamic scholars emphasize which principle when applying Shariah today?
a) Literal interpretation without change
b) Contextual understanding and adaptation
c) Elimination of traditional laws
d) Adoption of Western legal systems
What is the role of Muftis in modern Shariah implementation?
a) Creating new secular laws
b) Issuing fatwas (Islamic legal opinions)
c) Enforcing government policies
d) Conducting criminal investigations
