Which year was the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) established?
A) 1996
B) 2001
C) 2005
D) 2010
Which two countries were the primary initiators of the SCO?
A) China and Russia
B) India and Pakistan
C) Iran and Kazakhstan
D) Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan
Where is the headquarters of the SCO located?
A) Beijing, China
B) Moscow, Russia
C) Astana, Kazakhstan
D) Tashkent, Uzbekistan
How many founding member countries did the SCO originally have?
A) Four
B) Five
C) Six
D) Seven
Which country became a full member of the SCO in 2017?
A) Iran
B) Pakistan
C) Turkey
D) Afghanistan
Which of the following is NOT a full member of the SCO?
A) India
B) China
C) United States
D) Russia
What is the primary focus of the SCO?
A) Military alliances
B) Economic and security cooperation
C) Space exploration
D) Human rights protection
Which document serves as the foundational treaty of the SCO?
A) Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation
B) Shanghai Spirit Declaration
C) SCO Charter
D) Eurasian Cooperation Agreement
Which of the following countries joined the SCO as a full member in 2023?
A) Iran
B) Turkey
C) Afghanistan
D) Belarus
Which of the following is NOT an observer state of the SCO?
A) Afghanistan
B) Mongolia
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Belarus
The concept of the “Shanghai Spirit” emphasizes:
A) Cultural dominance
B) Economic protectionism
C) Mutual trust, respect, and cooperation
D) Military expansion
Which of the following is a key area of cooperation for the SCO?
A) Counterterrorism
B) Space exploration
C) Nuclear arms control
D) Maritime disputes
Which SCO body is responsible for security and counterterrorism cooperation?
A) Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS)
B) Security Council of SCO
C) Defense Cooperation Council
D) Intelligence Coordination Committee
Which city hosts the headquarters of the SCO’s Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS)?
A) Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
B) Tashkent, Uzbekistan
C) Islamabad, Pakistan
D) Tehran, Iran
How often does the SCO hold its summit meetings?
A) Every six months
B) Annually
C) Every two years
D) Every five years
Which of the following is NOT a founding member of the SCO?
A) China
B) Russia
C) India
D) Kazakhstan
Which of the following is an economic initiative launched under the SCO framework?
A) Belt and Road Initiative
B) Eurasian Development Fund
C) SCO Development Bank
D) Silk Road Fund
Which of the following regional organizations shares similar goals with the SCO?
A) NATO
B) ASEAN
C) European Union
D) G7
Which country has expressed interest in joining the SCO as a full member in the future?
A) Turkey
B) Australia
C) France
D) South Korea
Which SCO summit led to the inclusion of India and Pakistan as full members?
A) 2015 Ufa Summit
B) 2017 Astana Summit
C) 2019 Bishkek Summit
D) 2021 Dushanbe Summit
Which of the following is a major challenge for the SCO?
A) Internal conflicts among members
B) Lack of nuclear capability
C) Dependence on the United Nations
D) Exclusion of economic cooperation
Which country hosted the 2022 SCO Summit?
A) China
B) Uzbekistan
C) Russia
D) India
Which of these countries has applied for full SCO membership but has not yet been accepted?
A) Belarus
B) Sri Lanka
C) Saudi Arabia
D) Armenia
Which international organization works closely with the SCO in combating drug trafficking?
A) Interpol
B) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
C) NATO
D) World Health Organization (WHO)
Which country held the SCO presidency in 2023?
A) Russia
B) China
C) India
D) Iran
Which of the following military exercises is conducted under the SCO framework?
A) RIMPAC
B) Vostok
C) Peace Mission
D) Cobra Gold
Which of the following fields has the SCO recently expanded its cooperation into?
A) Artificial Intelligence research
B) Climate change and sustainability
C) Space exploration
D) Genetic engineering
Which two new languages were added as official languages of the SCO in 2023?
A) Arabic and Spanish
B) Hindi and Turkish
C) Persian and Hindi
D) French and German
Which financial institution is planned to be established by the SCO to enhance economic cooperation?
A) SCO Bank
B) New Development Bank
C) Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
D) Silk Road Investment Fund
