What is the most abundant mineral in the Earth’s crust?
a) Quartz
b) Feldspar
c) Calcite
d) Mica
Which of the following is an igneous rock?
a) Granite
b) Limestone
c) Sandstone
d) Shale
Which mineral is commonly used in the production of glass?
a) Calcite
b) Quartz
c) Graphite
d) Halite
What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten material?
a) Sedimentary
b) Metamorphic
c) Igneous
d) Organic
Which of the following is an example of a sedimentary rock?
a) Basalt
b) Marble
c) Sandstone
d) Granite
What is the primary component of limestone?
a) Quartz
b) Calcite
c) Mica
d) Feldspar
What type of rock forms when existing rocks are subjected to high pressure and temperature?
a) Igneous
b) Metamorphic
c) Sedimentary
d) Organic
Which fossil is most commonly found in sedimentary rocks?
a) Bone fossils
b) Amber fossils
c) Plant fossils
d) Shell fossils
Which of the following is a fossil fuel?
a) Coal
b) Gold
c) Salt
d) Marble
Which mineral is commonly associated with the production of electrical components?
a) Gold
b) Copper
c) Talc
d) Limestone
Which of the following is a common characteristic of metamorphic rocks?
a) Layered structure
b) Crystalline structure
c) Smooth texture
d) Formation from molten lava
What is the process by which rocks break down into smaller particles?
a) Metamorphism
b) Erosion
c) Compression
d) Solidification
Which of the following is a characteristic of fossils?
a) Only found in igneous rocks
b) Provide evidence of past life
c) Formed only in hot climates
d) Cannot be preserved
What type of rock is formed by the compaction and cementation of sediments?
a) Metamorphic
b) Igneous
c) Sedimentary
d) Volcanic
Which of the following minerals is commonly found in granite?
a) Calcite
b) Quartz
c) Halite
d) Pyrite
What is the name of the hardest known mineral?
a) Diamond
b) Quartz
c) Ruby
d) Topaz
Which of the following rocks is formed from the solidification of magma?
a) Slate
b) Obsidian
c) Limestone
d) Sandstone
What is the main ingredient of the mineral halite?
a) Sodium chloride
b) Calcium carbonate
c) Potassium feldspar
d) Silica
Which of the following is a key feature of sedimentary rocks?
a) Formed from cooling magma
b) Have a layered appearance
c) Are crystalline in nature
d) Formed under high pressure and temperature
What does the term “fossilization” refer to?
a) The process of a rock becoming igneous
b) The preservation of remains of living organisms in rock
c) The cooling of magma to form igneous rocks
d) The erosion of soil into smaller particles
Which of the following minerals is commonly used in the construction industry?
a) Diamond
b) Calcite
c) Gypsum
d) Fluorite
Which type of fossil provides the most information about prehistoric life?
a) Tracks and footprints
b) Amber fossils
c) Body fossils
d) Plant fossils
Which of the following is an example of a metamorphic rock?
a) Limestone
b) Marble
c) Sandstone
d) Granite
Which of the following is a common use of gypsum?
a) As a construction material
b) In the production of steel
c) For jewelry making
d) In food preservation
What is the main component of the mineral pyrite?
a) Iron sulfide
b) Calcium carbonate
c) Potassium chloride
d) Magnesium oxide
Which type of rock can be formed by the compression of organic materials like plants and shells?
a) Sedimentary
b) Igneous
c) Metamorphic
d) Volcanic
What is the process by which igneous rocks turn into metamorphic rocks?
a) Erosion
b) Melting
c) Heat and pressure
d) Cementation
Which mineral is commonly used as a source of aluminum?
a) Bauxite
b) Quartz
c) Feldspar
d) Talc
What is the main characteristic of fossils found in amber?
a) They are soft and fragile
b) They are preserved in a sticky resin
c) They are typically found in volcanic rocks
d) They provide evidence of plant life only
Which type of rock is associated with volcanic activity?
a) Metamorphic
b) Sedimentary
c) Igneous
d) Biochemical
What is the process called when a mineral undergoes chemical changes due to environmental factors?
a) Crystallization
b) Oxidation
c) Compression
d) Metamorphism
What is the main element found in the mineral graphite?
a) Iron
b) Carbon
c) Calcium
d) Potassium
Which of the following is a fossilized tree resin that can preserve organisms?
a) Amber
b) Slate
c) Granite
d) Gypsum
What is the term for the hardened remains of plants and animals found in sedimentary rock?
a) Fossils
b) Minerals
c) Crystals
d) Gemstones
