What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a) Digestion of food
b) Circulation of blood
c) Breathing and gas exchange
d) Regulation of body temperature
Which of the following structures is responsible for the exchange of gases in the lungs?
a) Bronchi
b) Alveoli
c) Trachea
d) Diaphragm
What is the main component of the air we breathe in?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Water vapor
Which part of the respiratory system prevents food from entering the windpipe?
a) Larynx
b) Pharynx
c) Epiglottis
d) Trachea
Where does the oxygen from the air pass into the bloodstream?
a) Nasal cavity
b) Bronchioles
c) Alveoli
d) Lungs
Which structure in the lungs carries oxygen from the trachea to the alveoli?
a) Bronchi
b) Larynx
c) Diaphragm
d) Trachea
What is the primary gas removed from the body during exhalation?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Methane
The diaphragm is a muscle that plays a key role in which process?
a) Digestion
b) Exhalation
c) Circulation
d) Breathing
Which part of the respiratory system is commonly known as the windpipe?
a) Trachea
b) Larynx
c) Bronchi
d) Pharynx
What is the term for the process of breathing in oxygen and breathing out carbon dioxide?
a) Respiration
b) Circulation
c) Ventilation
d) Diffusion
How many lungs does the human body typically have?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Which of the following is a common condition affecting the lungs due to smoking?
a) Asthma
b) Emphysema
c) Cystic fibrosis
d) Bronchitis
Which component of the blood carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues?
a) Platelets
b) White blood cells
c) Plasma
d) Red blood cells
Which structure is responsible for producing sound in the respiratory system?
a) Pharynx
b) Larynx
c) Bronchi
d) Trachea
In which part of the lungs does gas exchange occur?
a) Bronchi
b) Alveoli
c) Pleura
d) Trachea
What does the term “tidal volume” refer to in the context of breathing?
a) The amount of air inhaled during a full breath
b) The total volume of air in the lungs
c) The volume of air moved in and out of the lungs during normal breathing
d) The amount of air left in the lungs after exhalation
Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
a) Increased appetite
b) Shortness of breath
c) Weight gain
d) Increased flexibility
Which condition occurs when the alveoli in the lungs lose their elasticity?
a) Asthma
b) Pneumonia
c) Emphysema
d) Bronchitis
What role do cilia play in the respiratory system?
a) They help trap and remove particles from the airways
b) They assist in the exchange of gases in the alveoli
c) They produce mucus
d) They store oxygen
Which type of blood vessels surround the alveoli and enable gas exchange?
a) Veins
b) Capillaries
c) Arteries
d) Arterioles
What is the normal rate of adult respiration (breaths per minute) at rest?
a) 5-10
b) 12-16
c) 18-24
d) 25-30
Which of the following is a symptom of a respiratory infection such as the flu?
a) Skin rash
b) Persistent cough
c) Dizziness
d) Increased hunger
What is the name of the protective lining around the lungs?
a) Pericardium
b) Pleura
c) Mucosa
d) Epiglottis
Which muscle contracts to allow the lungs to expand during inhalation?
a) Abdominal muscles
b) Intercostal muscles
c) Diaphragm
d) Pectoral muscles
What is the primary function of the pharynx in the respiratory system?
a) To regulate airflow into the lungs
b) To protect the lungs from foreign particles
c) To connect the nose and mouth to the larynx
d) To produce vocal sounds
Which of the following is a cause of lung cancer?
a) Excessive oxygen exposure
b) Smoking
c) Overactive cilia
d) Low air pressure
What is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal exhalation called?
a) Vital capacity
b) Residual volume
c) Tidal volume
d) Expiratory reserve volume
Which substance in the lungs helps reduce surface tension and prevent lung collapse?
a) Surfactant
b) Mucus
c) Oxygen
d) Nitrogen
Which gas is primarily responsible for the stimulation of breathing in humans?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Hydrogen
What is the purpose of the larynx in the respiratory system?
a) To filter air
b) To produce sounds for speech
c) To exchange gases
d) To move air into the lungs
What is the name of the condition when the airways become inflamed and narrowed, making it difficult to breathe?
a) Asthma
b) Pneumonia
c) Tuberculosis
d) Emphysema
What is the role of the alveoli in the lungs?
a) To help expel carbon dioxide
b) To produce mucus
c) To allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
d) To regulate the airflow into the lungs
Which of the following is a function of the respiratory system?
a) Transport of nutrients
b) Filtering and humidifying air
c) Digestion of food
d) Regulation of body temperature
