Public-Private Partnership (PPP) refers to:
a) Collaboration between government and private sector
b) Merger of two private companies
c) Nationalization of industries
d) Privatization of government-owned entities
Which of the following is a key benefit of PPP?
a) Increased government control
b) Improved public service efficiency
c) Elimination of private sector participation
d) Reduction in private investment
Which sector most commonly uses PPP models?
a) Defense
b) Infrastructure and utilities
c) Agriculture
d) Retail business
In PPP, the private sector typically provides:
a) Financial investment and technical expertise
b) Military services
c) Government policies
d) Political leadership
Which of the following is not a type of PPP model?
a) Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT)
b) Public-Owned Public-Operated (POPO)
c) Design-Build-Finance-Operate (DBFO)
d) Build-Own-Operate (BOO)
A Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model means:
a) Private sector builds and permanently owns the project
b) Private sector builds, operates, and later transfers ownership to the government
c) Government builds and transfers to the private sector
d) Project is built but never transferred
Which of the following is a risk in PPP projects?
a) Cost overruns
b) Increased bureaucratic control
c) Reduced private sector participation
d) Decreased government regulation
Which organization promotes PPP projects globally?
a) World Bank
b) NATO
c) UNESCO
d) IMF
PPP agreements are usually long-term because:
a) They require significant investment
b) They are temporary projects
c) Government does not trust private companies
d) Private sector lacks financial resources
Which of the following is a major challenge in PPP implementation?
a) Lack of government regulation
b) Complex contractual agreements
c) No need for private sector expertise
d) Reduced public service quality
In a Build-Own-Operate (BOO) model, the private sector:
a) Transfers ownership to the government
b) Retains ownership indefinitely
c) Returns ownership after 5 years
d) Only finances the project
Which of the following is a successful example of PPP?
a) The London Underground modernization
b) Nationalization of oil companies
c) Privatization of state banks
d) Elimination of public-private contracts
Which financial model is commonly used in PPP?
a) Government funding only
b) Private investment with government support
c) No financial contribution from the private sector
d) Fully funded by international organizations
A Public-Private Partnership Act is designed to:
a) Regulate PPP projects and ensure transparency
b) Eliminate private sector involvement
c) Nationalize private sector projects
d) Reduce public sector investment
Which risk mostly affects private sector partners in PPP?
a) Financial loss due to project failure
b) Increased government ownership
c) Decreased involvement of international organizations
d) Reduction in foreign investment
PPP projects usually aim to improve:
a) Infrastructure and public services
b) Political campaigns
c) Military operations
d) Government corruption
Which of the following is a feature of PPP?
a) Shared risks and responsibilities
b) Government taking full financial risk
c) Private sector controlling government agencies
d) Lack of transparency in agreements
Which sector in Pakistan has seen major PPP initiatives?
a) Transport and energy
b) Defense
c) Agriculture
d) Tourism
Which of the following is not an advantage of PPP?
a) Increased bureaucracy
b) Faster project completion
c) Reduced financial burden on government
d) Improved service quality
Which country is known for successful PPP projects?
a) Canada
b) North Korea
c) Afghanistan
d) Syria
Which type of PPP model allows government funding with private operation?
a) Service Contract
b) Lease Contract
c) Joint Venture
d) BOO (Build-Own-Operate)
What does “risk sharing” mean in PPP?
a) Both parties bear financial and operational risks
b) Government takes full responsibility
c) Private sector bears all financial burden
d) No risk involved in PPP
Which of the following is a key success factor for PPP projects?
a) Clear legal framework
b) Lack of accountability
c) Increased government bureaucracy
d) Delayed implementation
Which of the following is a criticism of PPP?
a) Higher costs in the long run
b) Lack of private sector participation
c) No need for transparency
d) Government funding everything
PPP projects require which key component?
a) Private sector funding and government collaboration
b) Total government funding
c) Elimination of private companies
d) No public sector involvement
Which of the following is an example of fiscal PPP?
a) Private company financing a toll road
b) Government funding a private school
c) International organizations owning local banks
d) Privatization of state-owned businesses
Which factor affects the long-term success of PPP?
a) Strong legal and regulatory framework
b) Unclear contract terms
c) Lack of accountability
d) Poor financial management
The biggest advantage of PPP is:
a) Efficient delivery of public services
b) Government paying for everything
c) Reduced private sector involvement
d) Increased political interference
