What does “political participation” refer to?
A) The role of the military in governance
B) The active engagement of individuals in political processes
C) The role of the media in shaping public opinion
D) The economic policies of the state
Which of the following is an example of direct political participation?
A) Voting in elections
B) Watching political debates on TV
C) Writing an article in a newspaper
D) Attending a political rally
What is “political representation”?
A) The idea that individuals represent the government in elections
B) The way in which elected officials act on behalf of their constituents
C) The role of political parties in organizing the public
D) The presence of political speeches in media
Which of the following is a key factor influencing political participation?
A) The level of individual education
B) The political party in power
C) The media’s portrayal of government policies
D) The economic status of the country
Which group is primarily responsible for ensuring political representation of various interests in a democracy?
A) Political parties
B) The judiciary
C) The executive branch
D) The military
What is the “participatory model” of democracy?
A) A model where only elected representatives participate in politics
B) A system where citizens actively engage in the political process beyond voting
C) A government model with no citizen involvement
D) A model where the media controls political participation
Which of the following is a form of political participation that is indirect?
A) Running for office
B) Petitioning for a law change
C) Voting in elections
D) Protesting against a policy
What is “descriptive representation” in the context of political participation?
A) Elected officials are selected based on their political ideology
B) Elected officials reflect the demographic characteristics of the society
C) Representation based solely on geographic districts
D) Political leaders represent the will of the majority only
Which type of political participation involves individuals joining groups to influence government decisions?
A) Voting
B) Lobbying
C) Boycotting
D) Civil disobedience
What does “voter turnout” refer to?
A) The number of people who vote in an election relative to the eligible population
B) The number of people who run for office
C) The percentage of people who participate in a protest
D) The total number of political parties in an election
What role do interest groups play in political participation?
A) They encourage people to run for office
B) They represent specific policy interests and influence political decisions
C) They manage the media campaigns for political candidates
D) They ensure that all citizens participate in voting
Which of the following is a form of political participation commonly used in a democratic system?
A) Military coup
B) Voting in elections
C) Revolutionary protests
D) Imposing martial law
What does the term “political efficacy” refer to?
A) The ability of the government to enact laws
B) The sense that one’s actions can influence political processes
C) The level of economic development in a democracy
D) The way the media influences voter behavior
Which of the following is an example of participatory democracy?
A) Citizens voting on specific issues through referenda
B) Political parties making decisions for the population
C) The government controlling all media outlets
D) Elected officials making all decisions without public input
What is the primary purpose of elections in a representative democracy?
A) To choose individuals to make decisions on behalf of the public
B) To select a monarch
C) To determine economic policies
D) To direct the military’s actions
Which of the following is considered a barrier to political participation?
A) High levels of education
B) Economic inequality
C) Political freedom
D) Government transparency
What does “representation” mean in the context of a democracy?
A) A system where the government represents only the wealthy elite
B) A mechanism by which elected officials make decisions on behalf of their constituents
C) A form of direct decision-making by all citizens
D) The process by which the state controls political communication
Which of the following factors influences political participation in democratic systems?
A) Age of the population
B) Economic development level
C) Political culture and education
D) All of the above
Which is a form of non-electoral political participation?
A) Voting
B) Running for office
C) Protesting
D) Campaigning
What does the term “political accountability” mean?
A) The right of voters to elect their representatives
B) The requirement that elected officials answer to the public for their actions
C) The ability of the state to regulate political parties
D) The process of voter registration
What is a “representative democracy”?
A) A system where all decisions are made directly by the people
B) A government system where leaders are elected by the people to make decisions on their behalf
C) A system in which the military has absolute control over the government
D) A system where all citizens participate in governance directly
What does “delegated representation” mean?
A) When representatives act according to their own preferences, regardless of public opinion
B) When representatives act based on the instructions and preferences of the people who elected them
C) When representatives act based on party loyalty
D) When representatives do not make decisions based on public preferences
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-functioning democratic system?
A) Free and fair elections
B) Equal representation of all social groups
C) Direct control of all decisions by the military
D) Protection of basic civil liberties
What role do political parties play in political participation?
A) They create barriers to voting
B) They organize elections and help voters choose candidates
C) They reduce the need for elections
D) They control the economy
Which is a key element of “descriptive representation”?
A) Representing the policies of a political party
B) Representing the ethnic, gender, or social characteristics of the electorate
C) Representing only the majority opinion in society
D) Representing the opinions of non-citizens
What does “political apathy” refer to?
A) A strong engagement in political affairs
B) A lack of interest or involvement in political processes
C) The belief that politics is irrelevant
D) The practice of voting in every election
