Which scientist is known as the “Father of Genetics”?
a) Charles Darwin
b) Gregor Mendel
c) James Watson
d) Francis Crick
What type of organism did Mendel use for his genetic experiments?
a) Fruit flies
b) Pea plants
c) Corn plants
d) Mice
Which term describes the genetic makeup of an organism?
a) Phenotype
b) Genotype
c) Allele
d) Chromosome
Which of the following describes an organism’s observable traits?
a) Genotype
b) Phenotype
c) Allele
d) Chromosome
What is the probability of obtaining a dominant trait if one parent is homozygous dominant and the other is heterozygous?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
What is the expected phenotypic ratio in a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous individuals?
a) 3:1
b) 1:1
c) 2:1
d) 4:0
Which term refers to alternative forms of a gene?
a) Chromosomes
b) Alleles
c) Loci
d) Genomes
A homozygous recessive genotype is represented as:
a) AA
b) Aa
c) aa
d) Ab
Which law states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation?
a) Law of Independent Assortment
b) Law of Segregation
c) Law of Dominance
d) Law of Heredity
Which of the following describes a heterozygous genotype?
a) TT
b) tt
c) Tt
d) TT or tt
If a trait is controlled by multiple genes, it is called:
a) Codominance
b) Incomplete dominance
c) Polygenic inheritance
d) Multiple alleles
In incomplete dominance, the phenotype of heterozygotes is:
a) A blend of both parental traits
b) Identical to the dominant trait
c) Identical to the recessive trait
d) Unaffected by genes
Which blood type is an example of codominance?
a) A
b) B
c) O
d) AB
The ratio of phenotypes in a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous parents is:
a) 9:3:3:1
b) 3:1
c) 1:1
d) 2:1
Which Mendelian principle explains why traits are inherited independently?
a) Law of Dominance
b) Law of Segregation
c) Law of Independent Assortment
d) Law of Variation
A test cross is used to determine:
a) The phenotype of an organism
b) Whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous
c) The number of chromosomes in an organism
d) The dominance of a trait
Which term describes a gene that masks the effect of another gene?
a) Recessive
b) Dominant
c) Homozygous
d) Heterozygous
A cross between a red and white flower producing pink offspring is an example of:
a) Complete dominance
b) Incomplete dominance
c) Codominance
d) Polygenic inheritance
Which genotype represents a carrier for a recessive genetic disorder?
a) AA
b) aa
c) Aa
d) A-
What is the probability of producing a homozygous recessive offspring in a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
A human male has which sex chromosomes?
a) XX
b) XY
c) YY
d) XO
Which type of inheritance involves a single gene affecting multiple traits?
a) Codominance
b) Pleiotropy
c) Polygenic inheritance
d) Linkage
Which of the following traits is NOT determined by Mendelian inheritance?
a) Blood type
b) Eye color
c) Cystic fibrosis
d) Height
Which term describes an allele that is only expressed when two copies are present?
a) Dominant
b) Recessive
c) Codominant
d) Heterozygous
What is the probability of a child being male or female?
a) 25%
b) 50%
c) 75%
d) 100%
Which of the following is NOT a Mendelian trait?
a) Widow’s peak
b) Tongue rolling
c) Skin color
d) Attached earlobes
Which of these best describes a gene?
a) A unit of heredity
b) A type of protein
c) A cell organelle
d) A type of mutation
Which term refers to genes located on the same chromosome that tend to be inherited together?
a) Codominance
b) Linkage
c) Incomplete dominance
d) Polygenic inheritance
If a father has blood type O and the mother has blood type AB, what are the possible blood types of their child?
a) A or B
b) AB or O
c) A, B, or AB
d) Only O
