What is the equation for mass-energy equivalence?
a) E = mc²
b) E = mv²
c) F = ma
d) P = mv
In the equation E = mc², what does “c” represent?
a) The speed of light
b) The charge of an electron
c) The gravitational constant
d) The mass of a particle
What does mass-energy equivalence suggest about the relationship between mass and energy?
a) They are completely unrelated
b) Energy is more important than mass
c) Mass can be converted into energy and vice versa
d) Mass is independent of energy
What happens when a small amount of mass is converted into energy?
a) The energy produced is infinite
b) The energy produced is extremely small
c) The energy produced is proportional to the square of the speed of light
d) The energy produced is irrelevant
Who first proposed the concept of mass-energy equivalence?
a) Albert Einstein
b) Isaac Newton
c) Niels Bohr
d) James Clerk Maxwell
Which of the following is an example of mass being converted into energy?
a) A rock falling to the ground
b) A chemical reaction
c) Nuclear fission
d) A bouncing ball
In the equation E = mc², what does “m” represent?
a) Mass of a particle
b) Energy of a particle
c) Speed of light
d) Force on the object
How does mass-energy equivalence apply to nuclear reactions?
a) Energy is released without any loss of mass
b) Mass is completely destroyed during nuclear reactions
c) A small loss of mass results in a large release of energy
d) Energy is created without the need for mass
What is one practical application of mass-energy equivalence?
a) Solar power generation
b) Nuclear reactors
c) Solar sails
d) Wind energy systems
If 1 gram of mass were to be converted completely into energy, how much energy would be produced?
a) 9 × 10⁴ joules
b) 9 × 10¹⁶ joules
c) 9 × 10⁹ joules
d) 9 × 10¹⁸ joules
What does the conversion of mass to energy demonstrate about the relationship between mass and energy?
a) Mass and energy are two completely separate entities
b) A small amount of mass can produce an enormous amount of energy
c) Energy and mass are proportional, but not related in any other way
d) Mass is only a small component of energy
How does the mass of an object change when it is moving at a velocity close to the speed of light?
a) It decreases
b) It stays constant
c) It increases
d) It becomes undefined
In the context of mass-energy equivalence, what does the “c” in the equation E = mc² emphasize?
a) The importance of velocity in mass conversion
b) The relationship between energy and velocity
c) The constant speed at which mass is converted into energy
d) The magnitude of the conversion factor
Which type of energy is released in nuclear reactions due to mass-energy equivalence?
a) Potential energy
b) Chemical energy
c) Kinetic energy
d) Nuclear energy
Why does a small amount of mass produce a large amount of energy in nuclear reactions?
a) The mass is completely destroyed
b) Energy is released due to the strong nuclear force
c) The equation E = mc² shows that energy scales with the square of the speed of light
d) Energy is only converted into heat
What happens to the mass of a particle when it gains kinetic energy?
a) The mass decreases
b) The mass stays the same
c) The mass increases
d) The mass becomes negative
What does mass-energy equivalence imply about the energy of a particle at rest?
a) It has no energy
b) It has potential energy
c) It has energy equal to mc²
d) It has kinetic energy
In nuclear fusion, how is mass-energy equivalence involved?
a) Mass is destroyed to create energy
b) Energy is converted into mass during the fusion process
c) Mass is converted into energy when atomic nuclei fuse
d) Energy is stored as potential energy
Which of the following is a direct consequence of mass-energy equivalence?
a) The mass of a moving object decreases as its speed increases
b) Energy can be created from nothing
c) Energy can be converted into mass
d) The speed of light is variable
What is the mass-energy equivalence principle used to calculate in particle accelerators?
a) The speed of particles
b) The temperature of particles
c) The energy produced by the collision of particles
d) The position of the particles
How is the mass-energy equivalence principle applied in the context of black holes?
a) The event horizon is where mass and energy are conserved
b) Matter falling into a black hole is converted into pure energy
c) The mass of the black hole decreases as it absorbs matter
d) Mass is no longer relevant near a black hole
In the mass-energy equivalence formula, what is the significance of the speed of light (c) being squared?
a) It highlights the importance of high velocity in energy production
b) It increases the energy output from a small amount of mass
c) It makes mass-energy conversion impossible at low speeds
d) It defines the total energy of a particle
What is the role of mass-energy equivalence in the functioning of nuclear reactors?
a) It explains why energy is conserved during nuclear fission
b) It describes how mass is not conserved in nuclear reactions
c) It provides a way to convert nuclear energy directly into electrical energy
d) It shows how energy and mass can be exchanged during fission reactions
What does the equation E = mc² imply about the total energy of an object at rest?
a) It is equal to its potential energy
b) It has no energy at all
c) It is equal to its rest mass energy
d) It has both kinetic and potential energy
Which of the following technologies relies on the principle of mass-energy equivalence?
a) Nuclear medicine
b) Chemical reactions in batteries
c) Solar power generation
d) Hydroelectric power
How is mass-energy equivalence demonstrated in the sun’s energy production?
a) The sun’s energy is produced by chemical reactions
b) The sun’s energy results from the fusion of hydrogen atoms into helium, converting mass to energy
c) The sun converts kinetic energy to electromagnetic energy
d) The sun produces energy through gravitational collapse
In particle-antiparticle annihilation, what happens to the mass?
a) It turns into heat energy
b) It is converted into electromagnetic radiation
c) It is absorbed by the surrounding matter
d) It disappears without a trace
