Judicial Review: US vs. UK vs. India vs. Pakistan MCQs delve into the nature, scope, and extent of judicial review in these four major legal systems. Judicial review is the jurisdiction of courts to examine the constitutionality of laws, executive decisions, and government policies. Its reach and powers are different across jurisdictions. The United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), India, and Pakistan each have varying approaches to judicial review based on their constitutional frameworks and evolutionary history. Knowledge of these variations is essential for CSS aspirants since judicial review is instrumental in upholding the rule of law and safeguarding fundamental rights. This MDCAT Quiz gives a comprehensive overview of judicial review systems, their importance, and future trends.
Comparative Analysis of Judicial Review
The US Supreme Court performs extensive judicial review, instituted in the historic case Marbury v. Madison (1803), to invalidate unconstitional statutes. The UK operates under parliamentary sovereignty, where the courts are unable to overrule legislation but have the power to interpret laws through common law rules and the Human Rights Act 1998. India has a complete judicial review mechanism, wherein the Supreme Court and High Courts are able to strike down unconstitutional laws and governmental acts, to uphold the Basic Structure Doctrine. Pakistan also has judicial review, with the Supreme Court and High Courts given powers under the 1973 Constitution to review legislation and executive decisions, especially in cases of infringement of fundamental rights.
Trends and Challenges in Judicial Review
The course of judicial review is determined by political forces, legal change, and human rights. The US Supreme Court remains a determinative institution in civil rights, abortion policy, and executive power. The UK courts contend with post-Brexit challenges, particularly regarding legal control of government policy. India’s judiciary continues to be engaged in constitutional interpretation, with the most important decisions on economic and social justice. Pakistan’s powers of judicial review have increased, especially in matters relating to constitutional amendments and accountability of the executive. CSS aspirants need to study these legal developments to grasp the changing role of the judiciary. This Free Flashcard quiz assists students in acquiring judicial review knowledge, effectively equipping them to face the CSS Competitive Exam.
