Which of the following is a major human rights violation under international law?
a) Freedom of speech
b) Torture and inhumane treatment
c) Freedom of assembly
d) Right to a fair trial
Which international organization is primarily responsible for addressing human rights violations worldwide?
a) World Trade Organization
b) International Criminal Court
c) United Nations Human Rights Council
d) International Monetary Fund
Which document, adopted by the United Nations in 1948, outlines basic human rights for all people?
a) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
b) European Convention on Human Rights
c) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
d) Geneva Conventions
Which country faced international condemnation for its use of chemical weapons in Syria?
a) Iraq
b) Iran
c) Syria
d) Russia
What international tribunal was established to prosecute war crimes committed during the Yugoslav Wars?
a) International Court of Justice
b) International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
c) World Trade Organization
d) European Court of Human Rights
Which of the following is a key feature of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine?
a) Military intervention without UN approval
b) Protecting civilians from mass atrocities
c) Promoting economic sanctions
d) Supporting humanitarian aid only
Which country’s military was involved in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda?
a) France
b) Belgium
c) Rwanda
d) United States
Which of the following rights is often violated in conflict zones, according to international human rights organizations?
a) Right to privacy
b) Right to education
c) Right to life
d) Right to vote
Which international body investigates and prosecutes individuals responsible for human rights violations and war crimes?
a) United Nations
b) European Union
c) International Criminal Court
d) World Health Organization
Which event is most directly associated with mass human rights violations by Nazi Germany during World War II?
a) Battle of Stalingrad
b) The Holocaust
c) The invasion of Poland
d) The Battle of Normandy
Which principle refers to the global community’s obligation to intervene in cases where human rights abuses are occurring?
a) Collective security
b) Humanitarian intervention
c) National sovereignty
d) Economic sanctions
What does the term “ethnic cleansing” refer to in international law?
a) Mass education of minority groups
b) Forced removal or killing of ethnic minorities
c) Interfaith dialogue
d) Global economic sanctions
Which country was accused of committing genocide against the Yazidi minority group in 2014?
a) Iran
b) Saudi Arabia
c) Syria
d) Iraq (ISIS)
What type of international sanctions are often imposed in response to human rights violations?
a) Trade sanctions
b) Military interventions
c) Diplomatic isolation and arms embargoes
d) Cultural exchanges
Which international agreement prohibits the use of torture under any circumstances?
a) Geneva Conventions
b) The Torture Convention
c) International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
d) The Hague Convention
Which international organization often works to provide relief to refugees displaced by human rights violations and conflicts?
a) World Bank
b) United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
c) World Health Organization
d) International Monetary Fund
Which country was involved in a violent crackdown on protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989, leading to numerous human rights violations?
a) South Korea
b) China
c) North Korea
d) Japan
Which UN body monitors and reports on human rights violations globally?
a) United Nations Security Council
b) United Nations Human Rights Council
c) United Nations General Assembly
d) United Nations Economic and Social Council
Which of the following is an example of a human rights violation involving children?
a) Child labor
b) Freedom of speech
c) Right to privacy
d) Right to education
Which of the following documents is considered the cornerstone of international human rights law?
a) Geneva Conventions
b) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
c) International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights
d) Rome Statute
Which country’s military was accused of committing human rights abuses during the conflict in Darfur, Sudan?
a) Chad
b) Sudan
c) Egypt
d) Somalia
Which of the following is a key principle of international human rights law regarding the treatment of prisoners?
a) The right to remain silent
b) Prohibition of torture
c) Right to a speedy trial
d) Right to access to legal counsel
Which international court prosecutes individuals for crimes such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity?
a) International Court of Justice
b) International Criminal Court
c) World Trade Organization
d) European Court of Justice
Which of these is a common response to gross human rights violations, such as genocide or war crimes?
a) Humanitarian intervention
b) Free trade agreements
c) Military aid
d) Economic development projects
Which of the following is a significant challenge in responding to human rights violations in authoritarian regimes?
a) Lack of international cooperation
b) Lack of media freedom
c) Limited access to foreign markets
d) Enforcement of international law
What is the role of international human rights organizations like Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch?
a) To enforce trade regulations
b) To provide military aid
c) To document and raise awareness of human rights violations
d) To monitor elections
Which U.S. law seeks to hold accountable foreign officials responsible for human rights abuses?
a) Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
b) Magnitsky Act
c) War Powers Resolution
d) Patriot Act
What is a key feature of the “Universal Periodic Review” by the United Nations Human Rights Council?
a) Imposing sanctions
b) Providing humanitarian aid
c) Reviewing the human rights record of all UN member states
d) Granting economic assistance
Which of the following is a key feature of international human rights law regarding refugees?
a) Right to asylum
b) Right to work in host countries
c) Right to own property
d) Right to citizenship in host countries
Which country was involved in the mass detention of Uyghur Muslims in Xinjiang, drawing international condemnation for human rights abuses?
a) Russia
b) China
c) Saudi Arabia
d) India
