Green Revolution & Its Impact MCQs Green Revolution & Its Impact MCQs represent a turning point in farm history that revolutionized farming techniques in Pakistan and most developing nations. In Pakistan, this subject is vital for CSS Competitive exams as it describes how scientific breakthrough can revolutionize economies, increase food output, and affect social and environmental frameworks. The Green Revolution started in the 1960s with the adoption of high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilizer, pesticides, and irrigation equipment. It brought a revolution in becoming food self-sufficient in Pakistan but also had intricate socio-economic and environmental impacts.
H2: Successes of the Green Revolution in Pakistan
The Green Revolution increased the production of staple food crops like wheat and rice in Pakistan, mainly in the productive plains of Punjab and Sindh. With HYV seeds, chemical input access, and growth in canal-based irrigation, farmers were able to harvest several times a year. This productivity burst helped alleviate shortages of food, stabilize prices, and improve the national economy. The government facilitated these changes with agricultural subsidies, credit programs, and the development of infrastructure. Consequently, Pakistan became a food-surplus nation in various crops in the 1970s and 1980s.
H3: Socio-Economic and Environmental Impacts
Although the Green Revolution increased production, it also resulted in uneven land development, where big farmers gained more than small farmers because they had greater access to resources. Mechanization substituted rural labor, further increasing rural unemployment and growing income inequality. Ecologically, the over-application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides weakened soil fertility and contaminated water resources. Extensive monoculture also decreased agrobiodiversity and increased crops’ susceptibility to pests and disease. Gradually, waterlogging, salinity, and lowering groundwater levels became significant issues attributed to unsustainable irrigation methods.
In summary, the Green Revolution in Pakistan was a bittersweet legacy—though it addressed short-term food security issues and mechanized agriculture, it also brought new environmental and social issues. For CSS aspirants, this subject provides rich material on the intersection of science, policy, and sustainability. It highlights the necessity of a second Green Revolution focusing on environmentally friendly technologies, fairness in resource allocation, and sustainable farming methods to address the needs of an increasing population without compromising the integrity of the environment.
