What is the Carnot engine?
a) A heat engine operating between two temperatures
b) A machine used to produce electricity
c) A device that works on the refrigeration cycle
d) A type of electric motor
The efficiency of a Carnot engine depends on:
a) The speed of the engine
b) The pressure of the gas
c) The temperatures of the heat source and sink
d) The material used to construct the engine
Which of the following represents the formula for the efficiency of a Carnot engine?
a) Efficiency = T₁/T₂
b) Efficiency = (T₁ – T₂)/T₁
c) Efficiency = T₂/T₁
d) Efficiency = (T₁ + T₂)/T₁
In the Carnot engine, T₁ refers to:
a) The temperature of the cold reservoir
b) The temperature of the working fluid
c) The temperature of the hot reservoir
d) The temperature of the surrounding environment
What happens to the efficiency of a Carnot engine if the temperature of the cold reservoir increases?
a) The efficiency increases
b) The efficiency decreases
c) The efficiency remains constant
d) The efficiency becomes zero
The ideal Carnot engine is a theoretical engine that:
a) Has 100% efficiency
b) Operates in real-life conditions
c) Functions between two heat reservoirs
d) Is powered by chemical reactions
What is the maximum efficiency that any heat engine can achieve, according to the Carnot principle?
a) 50%
b) 75%
c) 100%
d) Less than 100%
Which statement is true about the Carnot engine?
a) It can convert all heat into work
b) It can only operate in a vacuum
c) It is a reversible process
d) It operates without any heat exchange
The work output of a Carnot engine is equal to the:
a) Heat absorbed by the engine
b) Heat rejected by the engine
c) Difference between the heat absorbed and rejected
d) Temperature of the heat source
Which factor decreases the efficiency of a real heat engine compared to a Carnot engine?
a) The difference in temperature between the heat source and sink
b) Friction and other irreversibilities
c) The use of a perfect insulator
d) The use of higher temperatures
The efficiency of the Carnot engine increases when:
a) The temperature of the cold reservoir increases
b) The temperature of the hot reservoir decreases
c) The temperature of the cold reservoir decreases
d) The temperature of the hot reservoir increases
If the temperature of the hot reservoir is doubled, the efficiency of the Carnot engine will:
a) Stay the same
b) Double
c) Increase
d) Decrease
The Carnot efficiency formula assumes that the heat engine operates in:
a) A non-adiabatic cycle
b) A reversible cycle
c) A cyclical heat process
d) A mechanical process
Which of the following is a limitation of the Carnot engine?
a) It operates at constant volume
b) It cannot be constructed in practice
c) It requires a mechanical energy source
d) It works only in an open system
If the temperature of the hot reservoir increases, the efficiency of a Carnot engine will:
a) Increase
b) Decrease
c) Stay the same
d) Become negative
Which of the following is true about the efficiency of a Carnot engine?
a) Efficiency is independent of the temperature of the cold reservoir
b) Efficiency increases as the temperature difference between the reservoirs decreases
c) Efficiency can never exceed 100%
d) Efficiency is unaffected by the type of working fluid
In a Carnot engine, the heat rejected to the cold reservoir is:
a) Equal to the heat absorbed from the hot reservoir
b) Equal to the work done by the engine
c) Less than the heat absorbed from the hot reservoir
d) More than the heat absorbed from the hot reservoir
The efficiency of a Carnot engine operating between a hot reservoir at 500 K and a cold reservoir at 300 K is:
a) 0.4
b) 0.5
c) 0.6
d) 0.2
The Carnot cycle includes:
a) Two adiabatic processes and two isobaric processes
b) Two isothermal processes and two adiabatic processes
c) Four isothermal processes
d) Four adiabatic processes
Which of the following is the main purpose of the Carnot engine?
a) To provide mechanical work
b) To increase the energy output of a system
c) To establish the theoretical maximum efficiency of heat engines
d) To create electricity
The Carnot engine can never achieve 100% efficiency because:
a) It operates in an irreversible cycle
b) Some energy is always lost as waste heat
c) It cannot use all the heat energy
d) It does not work at absolute zero temperature
The efficiency of the Carnot engine is best when:
a) The temperature of the cold reservoir is high
b) The temperature of the hot reservoir is low
c) The temperature of the cold reservoir is low
d) Both reservoirs have equal temperatures
In a Carnot engine, the heat absorbed during the isothermal expansion is:
a) Equal to the work done
b) Equal to the heat rejected
c) Greater than the work done
d) Less than the work done
The efficiency of a Carnot engine is given by the ratio of:
a) Work done to heat absorbed
b) Heat rejected to heat absorbed
c) Work done to heat rejected
d) Heat absorbed to heat rejected
Which of the following conditions will cause the efficiency of a Carnot engine to decrease?
a) Increasing the temperature of the cold reservoir
b) Decreasing the temperature of the cold reservoir
c) Increasing the temperature of the hot reservoir
d) Decreasing the temperature of the hot reservoir
Which of the following factors does not affect the efficiency of a Carnot engine?
a) The temperature of the hot reservoir
b) The temperature of the cold reservoir
c) The type of working substance
d) The work done by the engine
