Biological & Psychological Bases of Motivation MCQs is a must-know topic for CSS Competitive Exam candidates desiring to grasp the determinants of human actions. Motivation is determined both by biological activities (hormones, neurotransmitters, brain regions) and psychological principles (needs, rewards, cognitive assessment). The process of preparing for the CSS examination demands familiarity with the neurological and psychological processes controlling motivation.
H2: Biological Bases of Motivation
Motivation is significantly affected by biological factors controlling behavior, such as:
Brain Structures & Motivation:
Hypothalamus: Controls hunger, thirst, and homeostasis.
Amygdala: Processes emotions that guide motivation (e.g., fear, pleasure).
Dopaminergic System: The reward system of the brain affects goal-directed behavior.
Neurotransmitters & Hormones in Motivation:
Dopamine: Associated with pleasure, reward, and reinforcement learning.
Serotonin: Controls mood and social motivation.
Endorphins: Increase motivation by alleviating pain and pleasure.
Cortisol & Adrenaline: Affect stress-related motivation and fight-or-flight response.
Homeostasis & Drive Reduction Theory:
The body’s internal state remains stable in order to control motivation.
Example: Hunger stimulates eating to maintain energy balance.
H2: Psychological Theories of Motivation
A number of psychological theories attempt to account for why people work towards particular goals:
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:
Motivation is organized in hierarchical terms from lower needs to self-actualization:
Physiological Needs (nutrition, hydration, shelter)
Safety Needs (protection, security)
Love & Belonging (love, social connection)
Esteem Needs (accomplishment, esteem)
Self-Actualization (self-improvement, creativity)
Incentive Theory
Motivation is fueled by external rewards and reinforcements.
Example: Striving hard for a promotion or pay rise.
Self-Determination Theory (SDT):
Humans are motivated by three main needs:
Autonomy: Freedom to act.
Competence: Skill mastery.
Relatedness: Belongingness.
Expectancy Theory:
Motivation relies on anticipated outcomes and the belief in one’s capability to produce them.
H3: Interaction of Biological & Psychological Motivation
Intrinsic Motivation: Inner drive on the basis of personal satisfaction and development.
Extrinsic Motivation: External forces like rewards, punishments, and societal expectations.
The MDCAT Quiz website offers free flashcards and MCQs to enable CSS candidates to master biological drives, psychological theories, and motivation’s real-life applications. Prepare with CSS MCQs to discover scientific knowledge about motivation and behavior.
