Bacteria reproduce primarily through which process?
A) Mitosis
B) Binary fission
C) Meiosis
D) Budding
Which of the following is an example of a virus?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Influenza
C) Aspergillus
D) Streptococcus
Fungi obtain their nutrients through:
A) Photosynthesis
B) Chemosynthesis
C) Absorption
D) Ingestion
Which structure do bacteria lack?
A) Cell wall
B) Ribosomes
C) Nucleus
D) DNA
Which of the following is a disease caused by bacteria?
A) Tuberculosis
B) Chickenpox
C) AIDS
D) Malaria
Viruses are composed of:
A) DNA or RNA and a protein coat
B) Cell membrane and cytoplasm
C) Nucleus and ribosomes
D) Chloroplasts and mitochondria
Which of the following is a beneficial role of bacteria?
A) Causing disease
B) Decomposing organic matter
C) Infecting crops
D) Producing toxins
What is the primary function of fungal spores?
A) Photosynthesis
B) Reproduction
C) Protection against predators
D) Producing oxygen
Which of the following is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections?
A) Amoxicillin
B) Oseltamivir
C) Zidovudine
D) Fluconazole
Which viral disease has been eradicated through vaccination?
A) Influenza
B) Measles
C) Smallpox
D) Polio
What is the main structural component of bacterial cell walls?
A) Cellulose
B) Peptidoglycan
C) Chitin
D) Lipid bilayer
Which microorganism is used in the production of antibiotics?
A) Bacteria
B) Viruses
C) Fungi
D) Protozoa
Which organelle-like structure do bacteria use for movement?
A) Cilia
B) Flagella
C) Pili
D) Vesicles
Which type of virus infects bacteria?
A) Retrovirus
B) Bacteriophage
C) Adenovirus
D) Coronavirus
Which fungal disease affects human skin?
A) Ringworm
B) Influenza
C) Tuberculosis
D) Hepatitis
What is the primary genetic material of viruses?
A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Either DNA or RNA
D) Proteins
Which process allows bacteria to exchange genetic material?
A) Mitosis
B) Conjugation
C) Binary fission
D) Budding
Which scientist is credited with discovering penicillin?
A) Robert Koch
B) Alexander Fleming
C) Louis Pasteur
D) Edward Jenner
Which of the following is a characteristic of viruses?
A) They can grow on non-living surfaces
B) They have cell walls
C) They require a host cell to reproduce
D) They have their own metabolism
Which of the following bacteria cause food poisoning?
A) Lactobacillus
B) Salmonella
C) Streptococcus
D) Bacillus anthracis
Which of the following is a fungal infection?
A) Malaria
B) Athlete’s foot
C) Typhoid
D) Cholera
Which virus causes COVID-19?
A) HIV
B) SARS-CoV-2
C) H1N1
D) Rotavirus
Which microorganism is responsible for the fermentation of bread and alcohol?
A) Bacteria
B) Yeast
C) Virus
D) Protozoa
Which bacterial species is commonly used in yogurt production?
A) Escherichia coli
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Lactobacillus bulgaricus
D) Bacillus subtilis
What type of organism is Candida albicans?
A) Bacterium
B) Virus
C) Fungus
D) Protozoan
Which virus is responsible for causing polio?
A) Rabies virus
B) Poliovirus
C) Rhinovirus
D) Hepatitis B virus
Which structure protects bacteria from harsh conditions?
A) Nucleus
B) Endospore
C) Lysosome
D) Capsule
Which fungal species is used in the production of antibiotics like penicillin?
A) Aspergillus
B) Penicillium
C) Rhizopus
D) Candida
Which bacterial structure is responsible for antibiotic resistance transfer?
A) Ribosome
B) Plasmid
C) Mitochondria
D) Cell wall
