Air & Water Pollution Issues in Pakistan MCQs are a must for CSS aspirants who want to learn about environmental issues troubling the nation. Air pollution in Pakistan is mostly attributed to vehicle emissions, industrial waste, and agricultural burning, resulting in severe health risks like respiratory ailments and cardiovascular diseases. Likewise, water pollution is increasing because of industrial effluent discharge, raw sewage, and agricultural runoff, polluting the major water courses such as the Indus River. The government has come up with policies, but poor enforcement and lack of awareness among people are further deteriorating the condition.
H2: Causes and Effects of Pollution in Pakistan
Air pollution is fueled primarily by the growing fleet of vehicles using poor-quality fuel, uncontrolled industrial emissions, and combustion of solid waste. The increase in smog conditions, particularly in urban regions such as Lahore and Karachi, has made air health a major issue. Water pollution originates from the industrial effluents dumped, oil and chemical storages leaking out, and increased pesticide use on agricultural land. These pollutants trigger waterborne diseases like cholera, hepatitis, and typhoid, a serious public health issue.
H3: Solution and Government Policy
To address air and water pollution in Pakistan, the government has also launched initiatives such as the Clean Green Pakistan Movement and the Punjab Smog Policy to control emissions and encourage environmentally friendly waste management. Enforcing these remains poor due to corruption and inadequate infrastructure. Firm enforcement of environmental laws, the development of renewable energy, and public education campaigns are fundamental to addressing these problems. CSS exams preparation needs a strong understanding of such topics, so Air & Water Pollution Issues in Pakistan MCQs is an important resource for the candidates.
Which is the most common air pollutant in major Pakistani cities?
A) Sulfur dioxide
B) Carbon monoxide
C) Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
D) Ozone
Which river in Pakistan is most affected by industrial pollution?
A) Ravi
B) Indus
C) Chenab
D) Jhelum
What is the primary source of air pollution in urban Pakistan?
A) Deforestation
B) Vehicle emissions
C) Ocean currents
D) Solar radiation
Which gas is a major contributor to smog formation in Lahore?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon monoxide
C) Nitrogen dioxide
D) Argon
Which industrial sector is a leading cause of water pollution in Pakistan?
A) Textile
B) IT
C) Tourism
D) Banking
Which type of air pollution causes acid rain?
A) Methane
B) Sulfur dioxide
C) Nitrogen gas
D) Helium
Which city in Pakistan is most affected by smog during winter?
A) Karachi
B) Quetta
C) Lahore
D) Peshawar
What is the major source of arsenic contamination in Pakistan’s water?
A) Industrial waste
B) Natural underground deposits
C) Ocean water intrusion
D) Agricultural fertilizers
Which international agreement aims to control air pollution and climate change?
A) Kyoto Protocol
B) SAARC Treaty
C) Geneva Convention
D) WTO Agreement
Which pollutant is commonly found in groundwater in Pakistan?
A) Lead
B) Mercury
C) Arsenic
D) Iron
Which urban factor worsens air pollution levels in Pakistani cities?
A) Skyscrapers
B) Green belts
C) Poor road planning
D) More public transport
Which form of pollution is caused by untreated sewage in Pakistan?
A) Air pollution
B) Water pollution
C) Noise pollution
D) Soil pollution
Which heavy metal is commonly found in industrial wastewater in Pakistan?
A) Magnesium
B) Lead
C) Aluminum
D) Sodium
What is the main health impact of long-term exposure to PM2.5 in Pakistan?
A) Skin diseases
B) Lung diseases
C) Eye infections
D) Ear infections
Which organization in Pakistan is responsible for environmental protection?
A) Pakistan Army
B) National Highway Authority
C) Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA)
D) Pakistan Stock Exchange
What is a major cause of groundwater depletion in Pakistan?
A) Over-irrigation
B) Internet usage
C) Road expansion
D) Solar panels
Which of the following is a major contributor to noise pollution in Pakistani cities?
A) Hospitals
B) Traffic congestion
C) Libraries
D) Mosques
Which gas is known as the “silent killer” in air pollution?
A) Oxygen
B) Carbon monoxide
C) Nitrogen
D) Argon
Which province in Pakistan suffers most from agricultural water pollution?
A) Sindh
B) Balochistan
C) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
D) Gilgit-Baltistan
What is a major cause of plastic pollution in Pakistan’s water bodies?
A) Overfishing
B) Urban waste dumping
C) Electric power plants
D) Space exploration
Which pollutant is responsible for ozone layer depletion?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Nitrogen dioxide
C) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
D) Methane
Which practice helps in reducing water pollution in Pakistan?
A) Using plastic bottles
B) Industrial wastewater treatment
C) Cutting down trees
D) Burning garbage
Which type of pollution is mainly caused by burning crop residue?
A) Water pollution
B) Air pollution
C) Soil pollution
D) Noise pollution
Which disease is commonly associated with drinking polluted water in Pakistan?
A) Diabetes
B) Hepatitis A
C) Cancer
D) Depression
Which Pakistani city has the worst air quality index (AQI) during winter?
A) Islamabad
B) Lahore
C) Gwadar
D) Murree
Which of the following contributes to water scarcity in Pakistan?
A) Rising sea levels
B) Climate change
C) Internet expansion
D) Air pollution
Which pollutant is commonly released from brick kilns in Pakistan?
A) Oxygen
B) Sulfur dioxide
C) Helium
D) Neon
Which practice helps reduce air pollution in Pakistan?
A) More car usage
B) Plantation drives
C) Coal power expansion
D) Plastic burning
What is a key reason for untreated sewage entering Pakistan’s rivers?
A) Lack of sewage treatment plants
B) High taxes
C) Increased literacy rate
D) More school construction
Which of the following measures can help reduce pollution in Pakistan?
A) Cutting down forests
B) Installing air and water filtration systems
C) Increasing industrial emissions
D) Reducing renewable energy
