Which of the following was a major achievement of Hazrat Umar (RA) in expanding the Islamic state?
a) Conquest of the Sassanid Persian Empire
b) Founding the city of Baghdad
c) Compiling the Quran into a single book
d) Establishing the first Islamic university
Under Hazrat Umar (RA), which region was significantly incorporated into the Islamic state, marking a turning point in its expansion?
a) The Byzantine Empire
b) The Sassanid Empire
c) The Indian subcontinent
d) Western Europe
What administrative institution did Hazrat Umar (RA) establish to manage state finances and resources?
a) Diwan al-Jund
b) Bayt al-Mal (state treasury)
c) Diwan al-Rasa’il
d) Diwan al-Kharaj
Which taxation reform is Hazrat Umar (RA) renowned for implementing in conquered territories?
a) The Zakat system
b) The Kharaj tax system
c) An income tax system
d) A trade tariff system
Hazrat Umar (RA) is celebrated for establishing social welfare measures. Which initiative is he particularly known for?
a) Founding free public schools
b) Setting up a welfare fund for the poor
c) Building hospitals across the empire
d) Creating an agricultural subsidy program
Which reform attributed to Hazrat Umar (RA) helped establish the rule of law through the creation of state-controlled courts?
a) Codification of Hadith
b) Establishment of Islamic courts based on Shariah
c) Compilation of the Quran
d) Formation of the Diwan al-Jund
Which city, later becoming a major center of Islamic culture and governance, was founded under Hazrat Umar (RA)’s administration?
a) Damascus
b) Cairo
c) Kufa
d) Basra
What system did Hazrat Umar (RA) implement to delegate authority and efficiently manage the vast empire?
a) Direct rule from the capital
b) Decentralized governance with local tribal chiefs
c) Delegation of power to provincial governors with oversight
d) Autonomous city-states
Which military reform is Hazrat Umar (RA) especially known for?
a) Abolishing tribal levies
b) Establishing a regular, disciplined standing army
c) Hiring foreign mercenaries
d) Disbanding the cavalry
How did Hazrat Umar (RA) approach the treatment of non-Muslim subjects in his empire?
a) Forced conversion to Islam
b) Expulsion from the state
c) Allowing them to practice their religion and protecting their rights
d) Imposing higher taxes exclusively on non-Muslims
Which currency reform is attributed to Hazrat Umar (RA) that helped standardize economic transactions?
a) Introduction of paper money
b) Establishment of gold dinars and silver dirhams
c) Adoption of Byzantine coins
d) Creation of a digital currency system
Hazrat Umar (RA) introduced a system for gathering detailed demographic data. What was the purpose of this system?
a) To develop a census and population register
b) To calculate military recruitment numbers only
c) To allocate religious endowments
d) To determine inheritance shares
Which reform by Hazrat Umar (RA) significantly improved provincial governance and accountability?
a) Appointment of governors for life
b) Annual reviews and rotation of provincial governors
c) Elimination of local administrative offices
d) Centralized rule without local input
Hazrat Umar (RA) is known for establishing the concept of “Shura” in governance. What does “Shura” refer to?
a) A council for public consultation
b) A military strategy
c) A religious ritual
d) A taxation system
Which battle during Hazrat Umar (RA)’s caliphate was a decisive victory against the Sassanid Persian forces?
a) Battle of Badr
b) Battle of Qadisiyyah
c) Battle of Uhud
d) Battle of Yarmouk
What was one of the key innovations in public works initiated by Hazrat Umar (RA)?
a) Construction of the first university
b) Development of roads and bridges to enhance trade
c) Building of monumental palaces
d) Invention of irrigation pumps
Which method did Hazrat Umar (RA) use to integrate newly conquered regions into the Islamic administrative framework?
a) Complete isolation of local customs
b) Imposing uniform laws without exception
c) Integrating local governance with Islamic administrative principles
d) Allowing complete autonomy to local rulers
What was Hazrat Umar (RA)’s policy regarding the cultural and linguistic integration of his empire?
a) He enforced Persian as the official language
b) He promoted Arabic as the language of administration and culture
c) He allowed all languages without any standardization
d) He discouraged the use of written language
Which significant conquest during Hazrat Umar (RA)’s rule brought Jerusalem under Muslim control?
a) The conquest of Alexandria
b) The conquest of Damascus
c) The conquest of Jerusalem
d) The conquest of Constantinople
Hazrat Umar (RA) is remembered for his fairness in which aspect of governance?
a) Unrestricted military expansion
b) Equitable distribution of wealth and resources
c) Unlimited taxation
d) Absolute power over his subjects
Which innovative financial reform by Hazrat Umar (RA) helped improve the state’s revenue system?
a) Creation of a centralized treasury
b) Implementation of a barter system
c) Establishment of private banking
d) Introduction of corporate taxation
What approach did Hazrat Umar (RA) take toward military organization that set a precedent for future Islamic armies?
a) Reliance on mercenary forces
b) Development of a highly disciplined and structured military
c) Avoidance of formal military training
d) Delegation of military command to local tribal leaders only
How did Hazrat Umar (RA) contribute to the legal framework of the Islamic state?
a) By delegating all legal matters to local customs
b) By introducing a comprehensive system of Islamic jurisprudence
c) By relying solely on the Quran for legal rulings
d) By rejecting traditional Islamic law
Which social reform under Hazrat Umar (RA) ensured protection for non-Muslim communities?
a) Forcing conversion to Islam
b) Granting them freedom to practice their religion and protecting their rights
c) Segregating them from Muslims
d) Imposing higher taxes exclusively on non-Muslims
What military administrative innovation did Hazrat Umar (RA) implement to manage the empire’s frontiers?
a) Formation of a central navy
b) Creation of regional military districts with assigned governors
c) Use of mercenary armies
d) Dissolution of the standing army
Which reform by Hazrat Umar (RA) helped streamline communication and record-keeping across the vast empire?
a) Introduction of a standardized postal system
b) Use of carrier pigeons exclusively
c) Reliance on oral transmission only
d) Development of a network of messenger courts
Hazrat Umar (RA)’s governance was characterized by his commitment to accountability. Which practice exemplified this commitment?
a) Secret administration of justice
b) Public auditing of government officials
c) Delegating all decisions to local chiefs
d) Ignoring public grievances
Which of the following best describes Hazrat Umar (RA)’s legacy in terms of state administration?
a) A transient period of chaos
b) The establishment of enduring principles of justice, accountability, and efficient governance
c) A focus solely on military conquests
d) A disregard for the welfare of the people
How did Hazrat Umar (RA) handle disputes and conflicts within his administration?
a) By resolving them through private negotiations
b) By consulting a council and upholding the rule of law
c) By ignoring them to focus on expansion
d) By deferring all decisions to his family members
What was a notable economic policy implemented by Hazrat Umar (RA) that helped to stimulate trade?
a) Reducing tariffs on imported goods
b) Establishing standardized coinage and promoting safe trade routes
c) Imposing high taxes on merchants
d) Encouraging barter systems
Which of the following actions best exemplifies Hazrat Umar (RA)’s focus on justice and equality in his governance?
a) Appointing governors based solely on lineage
b) Ensuring that even the highest-ranking officials were held accountable for their actions
c) Concentrating power in the hands of a few elites
d) Ignoring complaints from the public
What was one of Hazrat Umar (RA)’s contributions to the cultural development of the Islamic empire?
a) Promoting Arabic as the administrative language
b) Encouraging the exclusive use of Persian in official matters
c) Discouraging literature and poetry
d) Isolating Islamic culture from neighboring civilizations
How did Hazrat Umar (RA)’s policies impact the overall structure of the Islamic state?
a) They led to a decentralized system with little central control
b) They laid the foundation for a highly centralized and efficient administrative system
c) They prioritized local traditions over uniform governance
d) They resulted in a fragmented empire with frequent power struggles
What is one lasting legacy of Hazrat Umar (RA)’s rule in terms of legal and administrative reform?
a) The dissolution of Islamic law
b) The establishment of systems of justice, taxation, and governance that influenced later Islamic societies
c) The rejection of public accountability
d) The creation of a feudal system
