Atomic Structure MCQs with Answers

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Atomic Structure Online Quiz

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• Test Name: Atomic Structure MCQ Quiz Practice
• Type: Quiz Test
• Total Questions: 40
• Total Marks: 40
• Time: 40 minutes

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Atomic Structure

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1 / 40

What does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle state?

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first

Electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy singly first

It is impossible to know both the position and momentum of an electron simultaneously

2 / 40

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy a single orbital?

2

1

3

3 / 40

What is the electron configuration of an atom?

The distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals

The arrangement of atoms in a molecule

The arrangement of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

4 / 40

Who conducted the gold foil experiment?

Ernest Rutherford

Niels Bohr

J.J. Thomson

5 / 40

What is the principal quantum number?

Describes the energy level of an electron

Describes the shape of an orbital

Describes the orientation of an orbital

6 / 40

What is an orbital?

A region of space where there is a high probability of finding an electron

The path of an electron around the nucleus

The nucleus of an atom

7 / 40

Which particle orbits the nucleus of an atom?

Proton

Electron

Neutron

8 / 40

What particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

Electrons and protons

Protons and neutrons

Neutrons and electrons

9 / 40

What is the shape of an s orbital?

Spherical

Cloverleaf-shaped

Dumbbell-shaped

10 / 40

What determines the chemical properties of an element?

Electron configuration

Number of neutrons

Number of protons

11 / 40

Who proposed the planetary model of the atom?

J.J. Thomson

Niels Bohr

Ernest Rutherford

12 / 40

What is a cation?

A neutral atom

A positively charged ion

A negatively charged ion

13 / 40

How many d orbitals are there in a d sublevel?

3

7

5

14 / 40

What happens when an electron falls back to a lower energy level?

It releases energy

It gains mass

It absorbs energy

15 / 40

What is the ground state of an atom?

An excited state of the atom

A state where the atom has lost an electron

The lowest energy state of the atom

16 / 40

What is the atomic number of an element?

Number of protons

Number of neutrons

Number of electrons

17 / 40

How many p orbitals are there in a p sublevel?

3

5

1

18 / 40

What does the Pauli exclusion principle state?

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first

Electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy singly first

No two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers

19 / 40

What is the charge of a neutron?

Positive

Neutral

Negative

20 / 40

What model of the atom did J.J. Thomson propose?

Quantum mechanical model

Planetary model

Plum pudding model

21 / 40

What is the shape of a p orbital?

Spherical

Dumbbell-shaped

Cloverleaf-shaped

22 / 40

What is the central part of an atom called?

Nucleus

Shell

Electron cloud

23 / 40

How many electrons can the second energy level hold?

2

8

18

24 / 40

What are valence electrons?

Electrons in the nucleus

Electrons in the innermost energy level

Electrons in the outermost energy level

25 / 40

What is an ion?

An atom that has gained or lost protons

An atom that has gained or lost electrons

An atom that has gained or lost neutrons

26 / 40

What are the energy levels where electrons reside called?

Nuclei

Orbitals

Shells

27 / 40

Who discovered the electron?

J.J. Thomson

Niels Bohr

Ernest Rutherford

28 / 40

What is an anion?

A neutral atom

A positively charged ion

A negatively charged ion

29 / 40

Which rule states that electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first?

Hund's rule

Pauli exclusion principle

Aufbau principle

30 / 40

How many f orbitals are there in an f sublevel?

3

5

7

31 / 40

What does Hund's rule state?

No two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers

Electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first

Electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy singly first

32 / 40

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

8

18

2

33 / 40

What is the mass number of an element?

Sum of electrons and neutrons

Sum of electrons and protons

Sum of protons and neutrons

34 / 40

What is an isotope?

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons

Atoms with the same number of electrons but different numbers of protons

35 / 40

What is the relative mass of a proton compared to an electron?

Approximately 1836 times

Approximately 100 times

Approximately 2000 times

36 / 40

What is the charge of an electron?

Negative

Neutral

Positive

37 / 40

What did Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrate?

The presence of electrons

The existence of isotopes

The existence of a small, dense nucleus

38 / 40

How many electrons can the third energy level hold?

2

8

18

39 / 40

What is the charge of a proton?

Neutral

Negative

Positive

40 / 40

What happens when an electron moves to a higher energy level?

It releases energy

It loses mass

It absorbs energy

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