Population Genetics MCQs with Answers

adminApril 3, 2024

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Welcome to the Population Genetics MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Population Genetics Online Test for different competitive exams. Find practice Population Genetics Practice Questions with answers in Biology Tests exams here. Each question offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Population Genetics.

Population Genetics is one of the most useful tools in evolutionary biology. It examines matters relating to the distribution and shift in the frequency of alleles in populations. It attempts to describe how variation within alleles may be influenced by various factors such as mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. This discipline sheds insight into mechanisms driving evolution and into the genetic structure of populations.

Among the major concepts in population genetics, genetic variation refers to the variety of gene frequencies within a population. This variation is considered crucial in determining the adaptive potential of populations because it allows them to respond to environmental changes. Mutations introduce new alleles while favoring others that enhance survival and reproduction. Genetic drift—the random changes in allele frequencies—results in significant shifts in the kind of genetic variation that, in small populations, may even alter allele frequencies. Gene flow, or the transfer of genes between populations, also contributes to genetic diversity.

In population genetics, mathematical models and statistical methods are applied in the analysis of data on allele frequency. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a simple principle that describes a population not in the process of evolution. Deviations from equilibrium can often point to the influence of evolutionary forces. Population genetics relates to understanding several fields such as conservation biology, medicine, and agriculture. It can be used to help determine genetic factors that may contribute to susceptibility toward disease, formulate conservation practices for species at risk, and enhance crop yields through selective breeding.

Population Genetics Online Quiz

By presenting 3 options to choose from, Population Genetics Quiz which cover a wide range of topics and levels of difficulty, making them adaptable to various learning objectives and preferences. You will have to read all the given answers of Population Genetics Questions and Answers and click over the correct answer.

Test Name: Population Genetics MCQ Quiz Practice
Type: Quiz Test
Total Questions: 40
Total Marks: 40
Time: 40 minutes

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Population Genetics

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1 / 40

What type of selection occurs when environmental changes favor individuals at one end of the phenotypic range?

Directional selection

Stabilizing selection

Disruptive selection

2 / 40

What is the equation used to calculate genotype frequencies in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

p^2 + q^2 = 1

p + q = 1

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

3 / 40

What does "p" represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Frequency of the recessive allele

Frequency of the heterozygous genotype

Frequency of the dominant allele

4 / 40

Which process increases genetic variation by introducing new alleles into a population?

Stabilizing selection

Mutation

Genetic drift

5 / 40

What is the term for a change in DNA sequence?

Gene flow

Genetic drift

Mutation

6 / 40

What is the consequence of a population bottleneck?

Increased mutation rate

Increased population size

Reduced genetic variation

7 / 40

What is the name of the process where allele frequencies change due to differential reproductive success?

Mutation

Natural selection

Genetic drift

8 / 40

What is the term for the total collection of genes in a population at any one time?

Allele frequency

Genotype frequency

Gene pool

9 / 40

What does "q" represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype

Frequency of the dominant allele

Frequency of the recessive allele

10 / 40

What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

p^2

2pq

q^2

11 / 40

Which factor can cause changes in allele frequencies due to random sampling?

Natural selection

Genetic drift

Mutation

12 / 40

Which process describes the movement of individuals or their gametes between populations?

Genetic drift

Mutation

Gene flow

13 / 40

What is the term for the decrease in fitness due to mating between closely related individuals?

Inbreeding depression

Outbreeding depression

Genetic load

14 / 40

What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle require for a population to remain in equilibrium?

No mutation

Small population size

Non-random mating

15 / 40

What is the effect called when a new allele arises in a population?

Genetic drift

Gene flow

Mutation

16 / 40

Which effect occurs when a large population is suddenly reduced in size?

Bottleneck effect

Founder effect

Gene flow

17 / 40

Which term describes the random fluctuation of allele frequencies in a small population?

Gene flow

Genetic drift

Mutation

18 / 40

What is the term for the transfer of alleles from one population to another?

Genetic drift

Natural selection

Gene flow

19 / 40

What is the expected genotype frequency of heterozygotes in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

2pq

p^2

q^2

20 / 40

What is the term for the phenomenon where the allele frequencies change due to the introduction of new individuals?

Bottleneck effect

Gene flow

Genetic drift

21 / 40

Which factor is not assumed by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

No mutation

No gene flow

Non-random mating

22 / 40

Which term describes differences in the reproductive success of individuals due to variation in their traits?

Mutation

Genetic drift

Natural selection

23 / 40

What does a high degree of heterozygosity in a population indicate?

Genetic diversity

Inbreeding

Genetic drift

24 / 40

What is the primary mechanism by which allele frequencies change due to random sampling?

Natural selection

Gene flow

Genetic drift

25 / 40

What is the result of non-random mating within a population?

Changes in genotype frequencies

Changes in allele frequencies

Genetic drift

26 / 40

What is the term for a population in which individuals are more likely to mate with relatives?

Random mating

Outbreeding

Inbreeding

27 / 40

Which principle describes how allele and genotype frequencies remain constant in a population?

Gene flow

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

Genetic drift

28 / 40

Which form of natural selection favors the average phenotype in a population?

Disruptive selection

Stabilizing selection

Directional selection

29 / 40

Which type of natural selection favors extreme phenotypes over intermediate phenotypes?

Disruptive selection

Stabilizing selection

Directional selection

30 / 40

What is the result of stabilizing selection on a population's genetic variation?

Increased variation

Maintained variation

Decreased variation

31 / 40

What does the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium assume about mating in the population?

Non-random mating

Inbreeding

Random mating

32 / 40

Which type of genetic drift occurs when a small group splits off from a larger population?

Founder effect

Gene flow

Bottleneck effect

33 / 40

What is the term for a measure of an organism's reproductive success?

Selection

Adaptation

Fitness

34 / 40

What is the primary source of genetic variation in populations?

Mutation

Genetic drift

Natural selection

35 / 40

What is the term for the proportion of a specific allele among all alleles in a population?

Allele frequency

Phenotype frequency

Genotype frequency

36 / 40

Which factor does not disrupt Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Gene flow

Genetic drift

Random mating

37 / 40

What is the effect called when a few individuals start a new population with a different allele frequency?

Gene flow

Bottleneck effect

Founder effect

38 / 40

Which form of selection favors one extreme phenotype over the others?

Directional selection

Disruptive selection

Stabilizing selection

39 / 40

Which term describes a reduction in genetic diversity due to a dramatic reduction in population size?

Founder effect

Bottleneck effect

Gene flow

40 / 40

What type of selection maintains two or more phenotypic forms in a population?

Directional selection

Balancing selection

Stabilizing selection

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adminApril 3, 2024

0 45 2 minutes read