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| General Mechanism The general mechanism of enzymes refers to catalysis of biochemical reactions whereby the activation energies required for a reaction to occur are lowered. Enzymes are specialized proteins which catalyze chemical reactions in biological systems. This is the basis of all life processes. Enzymes catalyze their reactions through a very specific interaction with their substrates. This starts when a substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme, the specific area of the enzyme with a shape uniquely designed to take the shape of the substrate. This produces an enzyme-substrate complex that stabilizes the reaction transition state. That is how the enzymes reduce the activation energy of the reaction. It then can occur faster than it otherwise could have. Once this reaction gets underway the enzyme catalyses substrates into products. Those products then leave the enzyme returning it to its original state and leave it free to catalyse further reactions. This catalytic cycle can be repeated many times and therefore, enzymes are highly efficient. Temperature, pH and other factors concerning the presence of inhibitors or activators affect enzymes. Inhibitors decrease the activity level of enzymes because they bind to the enzyme taking away the active site. Activators increase the level of enzymatic activity by improving the binding capacity of the enzyme for substrates. Knowledge of the overall mechanism of enzymes is valuable in fields such as biochemistry, pharmacology, and biotechnology. It leads to designing enzyme-based therapies and improvements in industrial processes with the development of medicines. |
General Mechanism of Enzymes Online Quiz
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- Test Name: General Mechanism of Enzymes MCQ Quiz Practice
- Type: Quiz Test
- Total Questions: 40
- Total Marks: 40
- Time: 40 minutes
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