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Respiratory System MDCAT MCQs with Answers

Welcome to the Respiratory System MDCAT MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Respiratory System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers for PMC MDCAT 2024. Each question in MDCAT Biology offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Respiratory System MCQs in this MDCAT Online Test.

Which of the following is the primary organ of respiration?
a) Heart
b) Lungs
c) Liver
d) Diaphragm

Answer
b) Lungs

What is the function of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?
a) To filter incoming air
b) To facilitate the exchange of gases
c) To help in breathing by contracting and relaxing
d) To produce mucus

Answer
c) To help in breathing by contracting and relaxing

Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
a) Trachea
b) Bronchi
c) Alveoli
d) Bronchioles

Answer
c) Alveoli

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a) To transport nutrients
b) To regulate blood pressure
c) To exchange gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)
d) To digest food

Answer
c) To exchange gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide)

Which part of the respiratory system conducts air to the bronchi?
a) Larynx
b) Trachea
c) Pharynx
d) Nasal cavity

Answer
b) Trachea

Which muscles are primarily responsible for inhalation?
a) Abdominal muscles
b) Intercostal muscles
c) Biceps
d) Quadriceps

Answer
b) Intercostal muscles

What is the role of cilia in the respiratory tract?
a) To filter dust and particles from the air
b) To facilitate gas exchange
c) To produce mucus
d) To regulate airflow

Answer
a) To filter dust and particles from the air

Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?
a) Epiglottis
b) Larynx
c) Pharynx
d) Bronchus

Answer
a) Epiglottis

What is the term for the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing?
a) Tidal volume
b) Inspiratory reserve volume
c) Expiratory reserve volume
d) Vital capacity

Answer
a) Tidal volume

Which of the following is a part of the upper respiratory tract?
a) Bronchi
b) Alveoli
c) Trachea
d) Nasal cavity

Answer
d) Nasal cavity

Where is the respiratory control center located?
a) Medulla oblongata
b) Thalamus
c) Cerebellum
d) Pons

Answer
a) Medulla oblongata

What happens to the diaphragm during exhalation?
a) It contracts and moves downwards
b) It relaxes and moves upwards
c) It remains unchanged
d) It inflates

Answer
b) It relaxes and moves upwards

Which gas is primarily responsible for stimulating breathing?
a) Nitrogen
b) Oxygen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Hydrogen

Answer
c) Carbon dioxide

What is the primary function of the nasal cavity in respiration?
a) To filter, warm, and humidify air
b) To exchange gases
c) To produce mucus
d) To regulate blood flow

Answer
a) To filter, warm, and humidify air

Which part of the respiratory system is also known as the voice box?
a) Trachea
b) Pharynx
c) Larynx
d) Bronchi

Answer
c) Larynx

What is the function of surfactant in the alveoli?
a) To increase surface tension
b) To decrease surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse
c) To filter air
d) To warm the air

Answer
b) To decrease surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse

Which of the following structures is part of the lower respiratory tract?
a) Pharynx
b) Larynx
c) Bronchi
d) Nasal cavity

Answer
c) Bronchi

What is the main function of the alveoli in the lungs?
a) To conduct air to the bronchi
b) To produce surfactant
c) To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide
d) To warm and filter air

Answer
c) To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

What is the term for the total volume of air that can be exhaled after maximum inhalation?
a) Tidal volume
b) Inspiratory reserve volume
c) Vital capacity
d) Residual volume

Answer
c) Vital capacity

Which of the following is a characteristic of emphysema?
a) Increased mucus production
b) Inflammation of the bronchi
c) Destruction of alveoli
d) Spasms of the bronchi

Answer
c) Destruction of alveoli

What structure connects the larynx to the bronchi?
a) Nasal cavity
b) Trachea
c) Pharynx
d) Bronchioles

Answer
b) Trachea

In which part of the respiratory system does gas exchange NOT occur?
a) Alveoli
b) Bronchi
c) Capillaries
d) Respiratory membrane

Answer
b) Bronchi

Which condition is characterized by difficulty in breathing due to narrowed airways?
a) Asthma
b) Pneumonia
c) Tuberculosis
d) Chronic bronchitis

Answer
a) Asthma

What is the function of the bronchial tree?
a) To exchange gases
b) To conduct air to the lungs
c) To filter and warm air
d) To produce surfactant

Answer
b) To conduct air to the lungs

Which structure is responsible for the production of speech?
a) Trachea
b) Larynx
c) Bronchi
d) Alveoli

Answer
b) Larynx

What is the term for the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation?
a) Residual volume
b) Expiratory reserve volume
c) Inspiratory reserve volume
d) Tidal volume

Answer
a) Residual volume

Which structure is involved in the initial filtration of inhaled air?
a) Alveoli
b) Trachea
c) Nasal cavity
d) Bronchioles

Answer
c) Nasal cavity

What is the primary component of exhaled air?
a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Water vapor

Answer
b) Carbon dioxide

Which of the following is NOT a part of the respiratory system?
a) Lungs
b) Trachea
c) Esophagus
d) Pharynx

Answer
c) Esophagus

What is the role of mucus in the respiratory system?
a) To aid in gas exchange
b) To trap dust and pathogens
c) To facilitate the production of speech
d) To regulate blood pressure

Answer
b) To trap dust and pathogens

Which condition involves an inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity?
a) Bronchitis
b) Pneumonia
c) Pleural effusion
d) Pulmonary embolism

Answer
c) Pleural effusion

What type of respiration occurs at the cellular level?
a) External respiration
b) Internal respiration
c) Pulmonary respiration
d) Tissue respiration

Answer
b) Internal respiration

Which of the following is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation?
a) Nasal cavity → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli
b) Pharynx → Nasal cavity → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli
c) Trachea → Nasal cavity → Larynx → Pharynx → Bronchi → Alveoli
d) Larynx → Nasal cavity → Pharynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli

Answer
a) Nasal cavity → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Alveoli

Which disease is commonly associated with smoking and leads to chronic cough and mucus production?
a) Asthma
b) Chronic bronchitis
c) Emphysema
d) Tuberculosis

Answer
b) Chronic bronchitis

What is the primary method of gas exchange in the alveoli?
a) Active transport
b) Facilitated diffusion
c) Simple diffusion
d) Osmosis

Answer
c) Simple diffusion

Which of the following is a function of the pharynx?
a) To warm and humidify air
b) To produce mucus
c) To connect the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus
d) To exchange gases

Answer
c) To connect the nose and mouth to the larynx and esophagus

What type of cells line the alveoli and are involved in gas exchange?
a) Ciliated cells
b) Goblet cells
c) Type I alveolar cells
d) Type II alveolar cells

Answer
c) Type I alveolar cells

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for voice production?
a) Nasal cavity
b) Larynx
c) Trachea
d) Bronchi

Answer
b) Larynx

What is the primary cause of a respiratory infection?
a) Bacterial or viral pathogens
b) Excessive exercise
c) High altitude
d) Overconsumption of water

Answer
a) Bacterial or viral pathogens

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