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Neurons MDCAT MCQs with Answers

Neurons (Structure And Types) MDCAT MCQs

Welcome to the Neurons MDCAT MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Neurons Multiple Choice Questions and Answers for PMC MDCAT 2024. Each question in MDCAT Biology offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Neurons MCQs in this MDCAT Online Test.

The basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the:
a) Neuron
b) Glial cell
c) Synapse
d) Axon

Answer
a) Neuron

The part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons is called the:
a) Axon
b) Dendrite
c) Soma
d) Myelin sheath

Answer
b) Dendrite

Which part of the neuron conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body?
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Soma
d) Synapse

Answer
b) Axon

The myelin sheath surrounding the axon is primarily composed of:
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Lipids
d) Nucleic acids

Answer
c) Lipids

Which type of neuron carries signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system?
a) Motor neurons
b) Interneurons
c) Sensory neurons
d) Efferent neurons

Answer
c) Sensory neurons

Neurons that transmit signals from the central nervous system to muscles and glands are known as:
a) Sensory neurons
b) Motor neurons
c) Interneurons
d) Glial cells

Answer
b) Motor neurons

The primary function of glial cells is to:
a) Transmit electrical impulses
b) Provide structural and nutritional support to neurons
c) Form synaptic connections
d) Release neurotransmitters

Answer
b) Provide structural and nutritional support to neurons

The junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released is called the:
a) Soma
b) Axon terminal
c) Synapse
d) Dendritic spine

Answer
c) Synapse

Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus and other organelles?
a) Axon
b) Dendrite
c) Soma
d) Myelin sheath

Answer
c) Soma

The nodes of Ranvier are found along the:
a) Dendrites
b) Soma
c) Axon
d) Synaptic cleft

Answer
c) Axon

The action potential is propagated along the axon due to the opening and closing of:
a) Calcium channels
b) Sodium and potassium channels
c) Chloride channels
d) Acetylcholine receptors

Answer
b) Sodium and potassium channels

Which type of neuron is responsible for processing and interpreting sensory information within the central nervous system?
a) Sensory neurons
b) Motor neurons
c) Interneurons
d) Efferent neurons

Answer
c) Interneurons

The region of the neuron that generates action potentials is the:
a) Dendrite
b) Soma
c) Axon hillock
d) Axon terminal

Answer
c) Axon hillock

Neurons that release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft are known as:
a) Postsynaptic neurons
b) Presynaptic neurons
c) Sensory neurons
d) Interneurons

Answer
b) Presynaptic neurons

Which type of neuron would you expect to find in the spinal cord?
a) Sensory neurons
b) Motor neurons
c) Interneurons
d) Efferent neurons

Answer
c) Interneurons

The primary role of the axon terminal is to:
a) Receive signals from other neurons
b) Generate action potentials
c) Release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft
d) Support the neuron’s structure

Answer
c) Release neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft

The part of the neuron that conducts electrical impulses toward the cell body is called the:
a) Axon
b) Dendrite
c) Soma
d) Node of Ranvier

Answer
b) Dendrite

Which of the following is not a type of glial cell?
a) Astrocyte
b) Oligodendrocyte
c) Microglia
d) Motor neuron

Answer
d) Motor neuron

The role of myelin in the nervous system is to:
a) Decrease the speed of action potential transmission
b) Increase the speed of action potential transmission
c) Produce neurotransmitters
d) Support neuron growth

Answer
b) Increase the speed of action potential transmission

The myelin sheath in the peripheral nervous system is produced by:
a) Oligodendrocytes
b) Schwann cells
c) Astrocytes
d) Microglia

Answer
b) Schwann cells

The term for the gap between two neurons is called the:
a) Synaptic cleft
b) Axon hillock
c) Node of Ranvier
d) Dendritic spine

Answer
a) Synaptic cleft

Which of the following structures is involved in transmitting electrical impulses away from the neuron’s cell body?
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Soma
d) Synaptic cleft

Answer
b) Axon

Neurons that have one axon and multiple dendrites are called:
a) Unipolar neurons
b) Bipolar neurons
c) Multipolar neurons
d) Pseudounipolar neurons

Answer
c) Multipolar neurons

The primary function of the axon is to:
a) Receive signals from other neurons
b) Conduct electrical impulses away from the cell body
c) Support the neuron’s structure
d) Release neurotransmitters

Answer
b) Conduct electrical impulses away from the cell body

Neurons are classified based on their:
a) Function
b) Location
c) Shape
d) Size

Answer
a) Function

The neuron type primarily involved in the sensory pathway is the:
a) Motor neuron
b) Interneuron
c) Sensory neuron
d) Efferent neuron

Answer
c) Sensory neuron

The process of generating an action potential involves:
a) Hyperpolarization of the neuron
b) Depolarization of the neuron
c) Reuptake of neurotransmitters
d) Release of neurotransmitters

Answer
b) Depolarization of the neuron

Which type of neuron is involved in the integration of sensory information and coordination of motor responses?
a) Sensory neurons
b) Motor neurons
c) Interneurons
d) Efferent neurons

Answer
c) Interneurons

The primary function of dendrites is to:
a) Generate action potentials
b) Release neurotransmitters
c) Receive signals from other neurons
d) Conduct impulses to muscles

Answer
c) Receive signals from other neurons

Which part of the neuron is responsible for the transmission of action potentials?
a) Dendrite
b) Soma
c) Axon
d) Axon terminal

Answer
c) Axon

The process of neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic neuron is known as:
a) Endocytosis
b) Exocytosis
c) Diffusion
d) Osmosis

Answer
b) Exocytosis

Which glial cell type is responsible for forming the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?
a) Schwann cells
b) Oligodendrocytes
c) Astrocytes
d) Microglia

Answer
b) Oligodendrocytes

The neurotransmitters are stored in:
a) Dendrites
b) Axon terminals
c) Nucleus
d) Soma

Answer
b) Axon terminals

Which structure is responsible for insulating the axon and speeding up the action potential transmission?
a) Dendrite
b) Myelin sheath
c) Synaptic cleft
d) Axon hillock

Answer
b) Myelin sheath

The electrical impulse that travels along the axon is known as an:
a) Action potential
b) Resting potential
c) Graded potential
d) Synaptic potential

Answer
a) Action potential

Which type of neuron has only one axon and no dendrites?
a) Unipolar neuron
b) Bipolar neuron
c) Multipolar neuron
d) Pseudounipolar neuron

Answer
a) Unipolar neuron

The nodes of Ranvier are crucial for:
a) Increasing action potential speed
b) Decreasing action potential speed
c) Maintaining resting potential
d) Generating graded potentials

Answer
a) Increasing action potential speed

The release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft is triggered by:
a) Sodium influx
b) Potassium influx
c) Calcium influx
d) Chloride influx

Answer
c) Calcium influx

The action potential travels along the axon in a:
a) Continuous wave
b) Saltatory conduction
c) Electrical gradient
d) Chemical gradient

Answer
b) Saltatory conduction

The process by which neurotransmitters are taken back into the presynaptic neuron is called:
a) Reuptake
b) Degradation
c) Exocytosis
d) Endocytosis

Answer
a) Reuptake

Which of the following structures is not part of a typical neuron?
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Synaptic cleft
d) Soma

Answer
c) Synaptic cleft

The part of the neuron where action potentials are generated is the:
a) Dendrite
b) Axon
c) Soma
d) Axon hillock

Answer
d) Axon hillock

Neurons are classified based on the number of:
a) Axons
b) Dendrites
c) Nuclei
d) Synapses

Answer
b) Dendrites

The role of the axon hillock is to:
a) Store neurotransmitters
b) Generate action potentials
c) Release neurotransmitters
d) Support the neuron’s structure

Answer
b) Generate action potentials

Which cell type is involved in the maintenance and repair of the nervous system?
a) Neurons
b) Glial cells
c) Muscle cells
d) Epithelial cells

Answer
b) Glial cells

The synaptic terminal of a neuron contains:
a) Neurotransmitters
b) Nucleus
c) Mitochondria
d) Ribosomes

Answer
a) Neurotransmitters

Neurotransmitter release occurs at the:
a) Axon terminal
b) Dendritic spine
c) Soma
d) Myelin sheath

Answer
a) Axon terminal

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