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History of Astronomy MCQs with Answers

History of Astronomy MCQs

Welcome to the History of Astronomy MCQs with Answers. In this post, we are sharing History of Astronomy Multiple Choice Questions and Answers in Astronomy section for various competitive exams in Pakistan. Each question offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding History of Astronomy online MCQs Test.

Who is known as the father of observational astronomy?
a) Galileo Galilei
b) Isaac Newton
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Tycho Brahe

Answer
a) Galileo Galilei

Which ancient astronomer proposed the geocentric model of the universe?
a) Claudius Ptolemy
b) Nicolaus Copernicus
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Edwin Hubble

Answer
a) Claudius Ptolemy

Who developed the heliocentric model of the solar system?
a) Nicolaus Copernicus
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Johannes Kepler

Answer
a) Nicolaus Copernicus

Which astronomer is famous for his laws of planetary motion?
a) Johannes Kepler
b) Isaac Newton
c) Edwin Hubble
d) Galileo Galilei

Answer
a) Johannes Kepler

Who was the first to use a telescope to study celestial objects?
a) Galileo Galilei
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Isaac Newton

Answer
a) Galileo Galilei

What did Isaac Newton’s law of universal gravitation explain?
a) The force that causes planets to orbit the Sun
b) The phases of the Moon
c) The composition of comets
d) The structure of the Milky Way

Answer
a) The force that causes planets to orbit the Sun

Which ancient civilization is known for its early observations of the night sky?
a) The Babylonians
b) The Egyptians
c) The Greeks
d) The Romans

Answer
a) The Babylonians

Who was the first person to propose that the Earth rotates on its axis daily?
a) Copernicus
b) Galileo
c) Aristarchus
d) Ptolemy

Answer
c) Aristarchus

Which astronomer is known for his detailed star maps and observations in the 16th century?
a) Tycho Brahe
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Claudius Ptolemy

Answer
a) Tycho Brahe

What was the main focus of Galileo’s observations with his telescope?
a) The moons of Jupiter
b) The rings of Saturn
c) The phases of Venus
d) The craters of the Moon

Answer
a) The moons of Jupiter

Which model of the solar system did Tycho Brahe support?
a) The geocentric model
b) The heliocentric model
c) The elliptical orbit model
d) The static universe model

Answer
a) The geocentric model

Who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Tycho Brahe

Answer
a) Isaac Newton

Which astronomer proposed that the orbits of planets are ellipses rather than circles?
a) Johannes Kepler
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Copernicus

Answer
a) Johannes Kepler

What significant astronomical event did Halley’s Comet’s periodic return help confirm?
a) The nature of cometary orbits
b) The heliocentric model of the solar system
c) The existence of dark matter
d) The structure of the Milky Way

Answer
a) The nature of cometary orbits

Who made detailed observations of Mars that helped confirm Kepler’s laws?
a) Tycho Brahe
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Isaac Newton
d) Johannes Kepler

Answer
a) Tycho Brahe

Which early astronomer is known for his work “On the Heavens” and contributions to the geocentric model?
a) Aristotle
b) Ptolemy
c) Hipparchus
d) Eratosthenes

Answer
a) Aristotle

Who was the first to accurately measure the distance from the Earth to the Moon?
a) Hipparchus
b) Eratosthenes
c) Claudius Ptolemy
d) Tycho Brahe

Answer
a) Hipparchus

Which mathematician and astronomer calculated the size of the Earth and its circumference?
a) Eratosthenes
b) Hipparchus
c) Ptolemy
d) Copernicus

Answer
a) Eratosthenes

Who developed the concept of epicycles to explain planetary motion?
a) Claudius Ptolemy
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Copernicus

Answer
a) Claudius Ptolemy

What did the discovery of the planet Uranus by William Herschel in 1781 demonstrate?
a) The existence of planets beyond Saturn
b) The nature of cometary orbits
c) The structure of the solar system
d) The composition of stars

Answer
a) The existence of planets beyond Saturn

Who proposed the first theoretical explanation of the Milky Way’s structure?
a) Immanuel Kant
b) Edwin Hubble
c) Isaac Newton
d) Johannes Kepler

Answer
a) Immanuel Kant

Which ancient Greek astronomer developed the first star catalog?
a) Hipparchus
b) Claudius Ptolemy
c) Eratosthenes
d) Aristotle

Answer
a) Hipparchus

Who was the first astronomer to use a telescope to discover that Jupiter had moons?
a) Galileo Galilei
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Isaac Newton

Answer
a) Galileo Galilei

Which astronomer created the first detailed star maps and tables of stellar positions?
a) Tycho Brahe
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Claudius Ptolemy

Answer
a) Tycho Brahe

What was the primary focus of the Copernican Revolution?
a) Establishing the heliocentric model of the solar system
b) Observing the Moon’s surface
c) Studying the structure of galaxies
d) Measuring the size of the Earth

Answer
a) Establishing the heliocentric model of the solar system

Which astronomer is known for his work on the laws of optics and color theory?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Galileo Galilei
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Tycho Brahe

Answer
a) Isaac Newton

What did the discovery of Neptune in 1846 confirm about planetary motion?
a) The ability to predict the position of planets through mathematical calculations
b) The existence of dark matter
c) The structure of the solar system
d) The nature of black holes

Answer
a) The ability to predict the position of planets through mathematical calculations

Who is credited with the first accurate measurement of the distance to the Sun?
a) Astronomer Kepler
b) Sir Isaac Newton
c) Aristarchus of Samos
d) Eratosthenes

Answer
c) Aristarchus of Samos

Which early astronomer used observations of stellar parallax to argue for a heliocentric model?
a) Hipparchus
b) Claudius Ptolemy
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Johannes Kepler

Answer
a) Hipparchus

Who proposed the idea that galaxies are moving away from us, leading to the concept of an expanding universe?
a) Edwin Hubble
b) Albert Einstein
c) Georges Lemaître
d) Isaac Newton

Answer
a) Edwin Hubble

Which of the following was a major discovery made by the Hubble Space Telescope?
a) The rate of expansion of the universe
b) The composition of comets
c) The structure of the solar system
d) The existence of dark matter

Answer
a) The rate of expansion of the universe

Who was the first to suggest that light could be used to measure astronomical distances?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Albert Einstein
c) James Clerk Maxwell
d) Edwin Hubble

Answer
c) James Clerk Maxwell

Which astronomer made the first successful calculation of the mass of the Sun?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Galileo Galilei

Answer
a) Isaac Newton

What was the significance of the discovery of pulsars in the 1960s?
a) They provided evidence for neutron stars and helped confirm general relativity
b) They proved the existence of black holes
c) They measured the age of the universe
d) They confirmed the Big Bang Theory

Answer
a) They provided evidence for neutron stars and helped confirm general relativity

Who was known for his development of a detailed star catalog and contributions to the concept of stellar magnitude?
a) Hipparchus
b) Claudius Ptolemy
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Johannes Kepler

Answer
a) Hipparchus

Which astronomer was the first to use a spectroscope to study the light from stars?
a) Joseph von Fraunhofer
b) William Herschel
c) Edwin Hubble
d) Isaac Newton

Answer
a) Joseph von Fraunhofer

Who proposed that the universe is in a state of continuous expansion?
a) Georges Lemaître
b) Edwin Hubble
c) Albert Einstein
d) Stephen Hawking

Answer
a) Georges Lemaître

Which early scientist is credited with introducing the concept of stellar parallax?
a) Hipparchus
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Johannes Kepler
d) Galileo Galilei

Answer
a) Hipparchus

Who was the first to use the concept of astronomical units to measure distances in the solar system?
a) William Herschel
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Isaac Newton
d) Fred Hoyle

Answer
a) William Herschel

What major advancement in astronomy was made by the discovery of X-ray sources in space?
a) The confirmation of black holes and neutron stars
b) The identification of new planets
c) The measurement of cosmic background radiation
d) The mapping of the Milky Way

Answer
a) The confirmation of black holes and neutron stars

Who developed the concept of a universe with no center and no edge?
a) Edwin Hubble
b) Albert Einstein
c) Georges Lemaître
d) Immanuel Kant

Answer
c) Georges Lemaître

Which early astronomer is known for his model of the universe that included epicycles and deferents?
a) Claudius Ptolemy
b) Aristarchus
c) Copernicus
d) Galileo Galilei

Answer
a) Claudius Ptolemy

Who was the first to measure the distance to the stars using parallax?
a) Friedrich Bessel
b) Hipparchus
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Johann Wilhelm Ritter

Answer
a) Friedrich Bessel

Which astronomer’s work led to the concept of “dark matter”?
a) Fritz Zwicky
b) Edwin Hubble
c) George Gamow
d) Robert H. Dicke

Answer
a) Fritz Zwicky

Who was the first to observe and describe the phases of Venus?
a) Galileo Galilei
b) Johannes Kepler
c) Tycho Brahe
d) Claudius Ptolemy

Answer
a) Galileo Galilei

Which astronomer is known for creating the first accurate star map of the southern hemisphere?
a) James Dunlop
b) Tycho Brahe
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Hipparchus

Answer
a) James Dunlop

Who was instrumental in discovering the expanding universe through the redshift of distant galaxies?
a) Edwin Hubble
b) Georges Lemaître
c) Fritz Zwicky
d) Albert Einstein

Answer
a) Edwin Hubble

Which astronomer was known for his use of astronomical photography to study celestial objects?
a) George Ellery Hale
b) William Herschel
c) Joseph von Fraunhofer
d) Edwin Hubble

Answer
a) George Ellery Hale

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