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Biological Molecules Proteins MDCAT MCQs with Answers

Biological Molecules Proteins MCQs

Welcome to the Biological Molecules Proteins MDCAT MCQs with Answers. In this post, we have shared Biological Molecules Proteins Multiple Choice Questions and Answers for PMC MDCAT 2024. Each question in MDCAT Biology offers a chance to enhance your knowledge regarding Biological Molecules Proteins MCQs in this MDCAT Online Test.

What is the basic unit of proteins?
a) Nucleotide
b) Amino acid
c) Monosaccharide
d) Fatty acid

Answer
b) Amino acid

Which level of protein structure involves the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary

Answer
a) Primary

What type of bond stabilizes the secondary structure of proteins?
a) Ionic bonds
b) Disulfide bonds
c) Hydrogen bonds
d) Peptide bonds

Answer
c) Hydrogen bonds

Which of the following is a characteristic of the tertiary structure of proteins?
a) Alpha helices and beta sheets
b) The linear sequence of amino acids
c) The three-dimensional folding of a polypeptide chain
d) The interaction of multiple polypeptide chains

Answer
c) The three-dimensional folding of a polypeptide chain

Which bond is responsible for the formation of disulfide bridges in proteins?
a) Hydrogen bonds
b) Ionic bonds
c) Covalent bonds
d) Van der Waals interactions

Answer
c) Covalent bonds

Which type of protein is responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions?
a) Enzymes
b) Hormones
c) Structural proteins
d) Transport proteins

Answer
a) Enzymes

Which protein structure is characterized by the arrangement of multiple polypeptide chains?
a) Primary structure
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure

Answer
d) Quaternary structure

Which of the following amino acids is essential for protein synthesis in humans?
a) Glycine
b) Glutamine
c) Serine
d) Leucine

Answer
d) Leucine

Which of the following is not a function of proteins?
a) Providing structural support
b) Serving as enzymes
c) Storing genetic information
d) Transporting molecules

Answer
c) Storing genetic information

What determines the function of a protein?
a) Its amino acid sequence
b) Its molecular weight
c) Its pH
d) Its solubility

Answer
a) Its amino acid sequence

Which type of protein is involved in muscle contraction?
a) Collagen
b) Actin
c) Hemoglobin
d) Insulin

Answer
b) Actin

What is the term for the loss of a protein’s three-dimensional structure?
a) Denaturation
b) Hydrolysis
c) Synthesis
d) Reformation

Answer
a) Denaturation

Which of the following amino acids contains sulfur?
a) Glycine
b) Leucine
c) Cysteine
d) Phenylalanine

Answer
c) Cysteine

What type of interaction stabilizes the tertiary structure of proteins?
a) Hydrogen bonds
b) Disulfide bonds
c) Hydrophobic interactions
d) Ionic bonds

Answer
c) Hydrophobic interactions

Which protein structure involves alpha helices and beta sheets?
a) Primary structure
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure

Answer
b) Secondary structure

Which of the following proteins is involved in oxygen transport in the blood?
a) Collagen
b) Hemoglobin
c) Insulin
d) Myosin

Answer
b) Hemoglobin

What is the term for a protein that helps other proteins fold correctly?
a) Chaperone
b) Enzyme
c) Hormone
d) Receptor

Answer
a) Chaperone

Which of the following methods is used to determine the primary structure of a protein?
a) X-ray crystallography
b) Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
c) Mass spectrometry
d) Edman degradation

Answer
d) Edman degradation

Which amino acid is often found in the turns of beta sheets in proteins?
a) Glycine
b) Valine
c) Glutamine
d) Tryptophan

Answer
a) Glycine

Which of the following is a fibrous protein?
a) Albumin
b) Collagen
c) Insulin
d) Hemoglobin

Answer
b) Collagen

Which protein function is associated with hormones?
a) Structural support
b) Catalysis
c) Signal transmission
d) Storage

Answer
c) Signal transmission

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
a) To increase the activation energy
b) To act as reactants
c) To speed up the rate of reactions
d) To decrease the specificity of reactions

Answer
c) To speed up the rate of reactions

Which of the following statements about enzyme specificity is true?
a) Enzymes can catalyze reactions involving a broad range of substrates
b) Enzymes are highly specific for their substrates
c) Enzymes lose their activity once they bind to a substrate
d) Enzymes change the equilibrium constant of a reaction

Answer
b) Enzymes are highly specific for their substrates

Which of the following is not a factor that affects enzyme activity?
a) Temperature
b) pH
c) Substrate concentration
d) Concentration of nucleic acids

Answer
d) Concentration of nucleic acids

What type of bond is formed between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another in a polypeptide chain?
a) Hydrogen bond
b) Disulfide bond
c) Peptide bond
d) Ionic bond

Answer
c) Peptide bond

Which protein is responsible for the transport of glucose into cells?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Myoglobin
c) Glucose transporter
d) Actin

Answer
c) Glucose transporter

Which of the following is a protein that functions as an antibody?
a) Enzyme
b) Antigen
c) Immunoglobulin
d) Receptor

Answer
c) Immunoglobulin

Which type of protein structure is stabilized by interactions between different polypeptide chains?
a) Primary structure
b) Secondary structure
c) Tertiary structure
d) Quaternary structure

Answer
d) Quaternary structure

Which amino acid is commonly involved in forming disulfide bonds in proteins?
a) Methionine
b) Tyrosine
c) Cysteine
d) Phenylalanine

Answer
c) Cysteine

Which technique is used to determine the three-dimensional structure of proteins?
a) Electrophoresis
b) X-ray crystallography
c) Spectrophotometry
d) Gel filtration

Answer
b) X-ray crystallography

What is the primary role of structural proteins?
a) Catalyzing biochemical reactions
b) Storing nutrients
c) Providing support and structure to cells and tissues
d) Transmitting genetic information

Answer
c) Providing support and structure to cells and tissues

Which of the following is an example of a regulatory protein?
a) Collagen
b) Insulin
c) Keratin
d) Actin

Answer
b) Insulin

Which structure of a protein is primarily determined by hydrogen bonding?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary

Answer
b) Secondary

Which of the following proteins is a component of the cytoskeleton?
a) Hemoglobin
b) Myosin
c) Actin
d) Albumin

Answer
c) Actin

What is the main function of enzymes in metabolic pathways?
a) To store energy
b) To regulate cellular processes
c) To speed up biochemical reactions
d) To provide structural support

Answer
c) To speed up biochemical reactions

Which protein is involved in blood clotting?
a) Collagen
b) Hemoglobin
c) Fibrinogen
d) Myoglobin

Answer
c) Fibrinogen

What is the role of chaperone proteins?
a) To assist in protein degradation
b) To aid in protein folding and assembly
c) To act as antibodies
d) To transport molecules across membranes

Answer
b) To aid in protein folding and assembly

Which of the following is not a type of protein structure?
a) Primary
b) Secondary
c) Tertiary
d) Quaternary

Answer
d) Quaternary

Which amino acid is known for forming the “kink” in the polypeptide chain?
a) Glycine
b) Proline
c) Leucine
d) Valine

Answer
b) Proline

Which protein function is associated with immune responses?
a) Enzyme catalysis
b) Storage
c) Signal transduction
d) Antibody production

Answer
d) Antibody production

Which of the following amino acids is known to be a precursor for neurotransmitters?
a) Glutamine
b) Valine
c) Serine
d) Phenylalanine

Answer
d) Phenylalanine

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